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Medical Biochemistry > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-diuretic Hormone

A
  • Release - Post. pituitary
  • Target - Kidney tubules
  • Action - increase BP by increasing water retention
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2
Q

Glucagon

A
  • Release - Pancreas
  • Target - Liver
  • Action - Raise blood sugar
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3
Q

Norepenephrine & Epinephrine

A
  • Release - Adrenal Medula
  • Target - Sympathetic NS, liver, muscle, fat
  • Action - Fight/flight response glycogenolysis, lipolysis
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4
Q

Gastrin

A
  • Release - GI tract
  • Target - Stomach
  • Action - Secretion of gastric acid
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5
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone in males

A
  • Release - Ant. pituitary
  • Target - Testes
  • Action - Production of sperm
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6
Q

Insulin

A
  • Release - Pancreas
  • Target - Liver, fat, muscle
  • Action - Glycogenesis, decrease glucose levels
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7
Q

Protein Hormones

A
  • Water soluble
  • Circulates freely
  • Second messenger system
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8
Q

Follicle Stimulating hormone in females

A
  • Release - Ant. Pituitary
  • Target - Ovaries
  • Action - Follicle growth, ovulation, estrogen secretion
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9
Q

Testosterone

A
  • Release - Testes
  • Target - Secondary sex organs
  • Action - Development of secondary sex characteristics, reproduction
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10
Q

Steroid Hormones

A
  • Non-water soluble
  • Primarily bound to protein, longer half-life
  • Diffuse into cells
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11
Q

Atrial Natiutretic Peptide

A
  • Release - Heart
  • Target - Vasculature, renal tubules
  • Action - Lowers BP
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12
Q

Progesterone

A
  • Release - Ovary
  • Target - Uterus
  • Action - Maintains pregnancy, preps uterus for implantation
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13
Q

Aldosterone

A
  • Release - Adrenal cortex
  • Target - Kidney
  • Action - Increase BP and water retention, conserve sodium/secrete potassium
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14
Q

Cortisol

A
  • Release - Adrenal cortex
  • Target - Multiple
  • Action - Increase blood sugar, immune suppression, metabolize fat/protein/carbs
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15
Q

Triiodothyrodine

A
  • T3
  • Release - Thyroid
  • Target - All body tissues
  • Action - Metabolism
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16
Q

Thyroxine

A
  • T4
  • Release - Thyroid
  • Target - All body tissues
  • Action - Metabolism
17
Q

Beta-Natiutretic peptide

A
  • Release - Heart
  • Target - Vasculature, renal tubules
  • Action - Lowers BP
18
Q

DHEA/DHEAS

A
  • Release - Adrenal cortex
  • Target - Hormone precursors for estrogen/testosterone
  • Action - Turns into estrogen/testosterone
19
Q

Renin-Angiotensin

A
  • Release - Kidney
  • Target - Kidney
  • Action - Raises BP
20
Q

Calcitonin

A

Stimulates osteoblasts to reduce serum calcium

21
Q

Estrogen

A
  • Release - Ovaries
  • Target - Secondary sex organs
  • Action - Development of secondary sex characteristics, reproduction
22
Q

Erythropoetin

A
  • Release - Kidney
  • Target - Bone marrow
  • Action - Stimulates RBC production
23
Q

Serotonin

A
  • Release - Pineal gland
  • Target - Brain
  • Action - Memory, etc
24
Q

Secretin

A
  • Release - GI tract
  • Target - Pancreas
  • Action - Secretion of amylase and lipase
25
Q

Oxytocin in females

A
  • Release - Post pituitary
  • Target - Mammary glands and uterus
  • Action - Milk let down, labor contractions
26
Q

Melatonin

A
  • Release - Pineal gland
  • Target -Hypothalmus
  • Action - Circadian rhythm maintenance
27
Q

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone

A

ACTH

  • Release - Ant pituitary
  • Target - Adrenal cortex
  • Action - Production/release of corticosteroids
28
Q

Leutinizing hormone in females

A

LH

  • Release - Ant pituitary
  • Target - Ovaries
  • Action - Ovulation, formation of corpus leutium
29
Q

Prolactin in females

A
  • Release - Ant pituitary
  • Target - Mammary glands
  • Action - Milk production
30
Q

Leutinizing hormone in males

A

LH

  • Release - Ant pituitary
  • Target - Testes
  • Action - Secretion of testosterone
31
Q

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

A

THS

  • Release - Ant pituitary
  • Target - Thyroid
  • Action - Stimulates production of T3 and T4
32
Q

Cushing’s Syndrome

A
  • Pituitary tumor
  • Increased ACTH
  • Weight gain, sweating, memory/attention disorders, “moon face”
33
Q

Addison’s Disease

A
  • Primary Adrenal insufficiency
  • Chronic deficiency of cortisol production by adrenal glands
  • Leads to chronically increased ACTH
  • Fatigue, weight loss, weakness

Medical Biochemistry (3 decks)

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