Hormones Flashcards
Produced by the Hypothalamus and promotes the release of TSH and Prolactin
Thyrotropin
produced by the Hypothalamus and promotes the release of HGH
Growth Releasing Hormone (GRH)
Produced by the Hypothalamus and promotes the release of ACTH
Corticotropin (CRH)
Produced by the Hypothalamus and promotes the release of LH and FSH
Gonadotropin (GnRH)
Produced by the Hypothalamus and inhibits the release of prolactin
Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone (PIH)
Produced by the Hypothalamus and inhibits the release of GH and TSH
Somatostatin Inhibiting Hormone (GHIH)
Produced by the Hypothalamus and sent to the P. Pituitary. stored in axon terminals in vesicles until nerve signals promote their release
Oxytocin and Antidiuretic (OT) (ADH)
” love hormone”, stimulates contractions in childbirth, promotes milk release in breast feeding
Oxytocin (OT)
maintains NA and promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Antidiuretic (ADH)
Produced In the A. Pit and stimulates the production of milk
Prolactin (PRL)
Produced in the A. Pit and stimulates the Thyroid to release hormones T3 and T4 to maintain metabolic rate.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Produced by A. Pit and stimulates growth in children and maintains muscle and bone mass in adults.
Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
Produced by A. Pit and stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone production in male gonads.
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Produced in the A.Pit and stimulates the production of ova/sperm. and produces estrogen in females
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Produced in the A.Pit and stimulates the release of glucocorticoids.
Adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)
Located in the cortex of the Adrenal Glands and regulates electrolytes by keeping NA in blood. raises BP, and regulated PH
Mineralocorticosteroids (aldosterone)
Located in the cortex of the Adrenal Glands and released as a fight or flight response. causes a rise in blood/glucose levels, insulin resistance
Glucocorticosteroids (Cortisol)
Located in the cortex of the adrenal glands; Releases estrogen and testosterone to regulate muscle/bone health and is involved in sex characteristics.
Androgens
Where is aldosterone produced in the Adrenal Cortex?
Zona Glomerulosa
Where is cortisol produced in the Adrenal Cortex?
Zone Fasciculata
Where are Androgens produced in the Adrenal Cortex?
Zona Recticularis
Produced in the medulla of the Adrenal Glands and stimulates the body’s fight or flight response. Increases heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine (EPI) (NE)
Produced in the medulla of the Adrenal Glands and acts on the brain to stimulate feelings of motivation, pleasure and satisfaction
Dopamine (DA)
What type of hormones does the medulla of the Adrenal Glands produce?
Catecholamines
What type of hormones does the Cortex of the Adrenal Glands produce?
Corticosteroids
What part of the body do mineral corticosteroids target?
Kidneys
What part of the body do Glucocorticosteroids target?
the entire body
What part of the body do Androgens target?
The Gonads
What body system does the Catecholamines target?
Sympathetic Nervous System
Produced by the thyroid in the Lumen; It is an inactive form and converts into T3
Thyroxine (T4)
The active thyroid hormone, converted from T4. Becomes active at the target organ
Triiodothyronine (T3)
What is the Primary function of Thyroid Hormones?
Regulate metabolic rates
What are the bi-products of Thyroid Hormones
Heat production, appetite, and nervous system development.
Produced by follicular cells of the Thyroid Gland and produce calcitonin; lowers b/ca levels by triggering osteoblasts to store calcium from the blood.
C-Cells
Produced by the Parathyroid gland and raises b/ca levels by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
Function of Thymus
Maturation of T-Cells
Help produce T-Cells in the Thymus
Thymopoietin
Help produce B-Cells and T-Cells in Thymus
Thymosin
Help to maintain immune response in the Thymus
Thymomodulin
Produced by the Pancreas when the body is in a fasted state, and triggers glycogenolysis; The breakdown of glycogen into glucose.
Glucagon
Produced by Beta cells in the Pancreas when eating and acts to lower b/s levels by transporting glucose into cells that need it.
Insulin
Co-secreted with insulin by the Beta cells in the pancreas. Reduces spikes in b/s levels by modulating the secretion of gastric enzymes, acid, and bile in-order to slow down the emptying of the stomach.
Amylin
Released by Delta Cells in the pancreas and inhibits the release of pancreatic hormones: Insulin, Amylin, and glucagon.
Somatostatin
An estrogenic steroid released during the first half of a menstrual cycle by the granulosa cells in the ovaries
Estradiol
Produced by the granulosa in the Ovaries during the second half of a menstrual cycle.
Progesterone
Produced in clusters between the seminiferous tubules and secrete testosterone. ( testis )
Interstitial Cells
In the walls of the seminiferous tubules. They secrete inhibin which suppresses FSH secretion.
Nurse Cells
