hormones Flashcards
hypothalamus
anterior pituitary/modify activity
anterior pituitary general
increase bone and muscle growth, increase cell turnover rate
Anterior pituitary tropic (prolactin)
mammary gland/milk production
Anterior pituitary tropic (TSH)
thyroid/increase synthesis and release of TH
Anterior pituitary tropic (ACTH)
increase growth and secretory activity of adrenal ctx
Anterior pituitary gonadotropic (LH)
ovary/ovulation, testes/testosterone synth
Anterior pituitary gonadotropic (FSH)
ovary/follicle development, testes/spermatogenesis
Posterior pituitary (ADH, vasopressin)
kidney/water retention
Posterior pituitary (oxytocin)
breast/milk letdown, uterus/contraction
Thyroid (TH, thyroxine)
child: necessary for physical and mental development; adult: increase metabolish rate and temperature
Thyroid C cells (calcitonin)
bone, kidney; lowers serum [Ca2+]
Parathyroids (PTH)
bone, kdiney, small intestine/raises serum [Ca2+]
Thymus (thymosin)
T cell development during childhood
Adrenal medulla (epinephrine)
sympathetic stress response (rapid)
Adrenal cortex (cortisol)
longer-term stress response; increase blood [glucose]; increase protein catabolism; decreases inflammation and immunity; many other
Adrenal cortex (aldosterone)
kidney/ increase Na+ reabsorption to increase blood pressure
Adrenal cortex (sex steroids)
not normally important, but an adrenal tumor can overproduce these, causing masculinization or feminization
Endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) (insulin)
decrease blood [glucose]/ increase glycogen and fat storage
Endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) (glucagon)
increase blood [glucose]/ increase glycogen and fat storage
Endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans) (somatostatin)
inhibits many digestive processes
Testes (testerone)
male charecteristics, spermatogenesis
Ovaries/placenta (estrogen)
female characteristics, endometrial growth
Ovaries/placenta (progesterone)
endometrial secretion, pregnancy
Heart (Atrial natriuretic factor)
kidney/ increase urination to decreased blood pressure
Kidney (erythropoietin)
bone marrow/ increase RBC synthesis
