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Hormones & Behavior > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Melatonin

A

Produced in penealocytes (pineal gland)
Biological rhythms

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2
Q

GRH

A

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates gonadotropins in anterior pituitary (LH, FSH)

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3
Q

CRH

A

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates Adrenocorticotropic hormone in anterior pituitary

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4
Q

TRH

A

Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates Thyroid Stimulating Hormone in Anterior Pituitary

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5
Q

GHRH

A

Somatocrinin or Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates Growth Hormone in Anterior Pituitary

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6
Q

GHIH

A

Somatostatin or Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates Growth Hormone in Anterior Pituitary

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7
Q

PIH

A

Dopamine (Da) or Prolactin Inhibitory Hormone
Hypothalamus
Regulates Prolactin in Anterior Pituitary

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8
Q

Hypocretin/Orexin

A

Inhibits various hormones
Hypothalamus
Sleep and metabolism

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9
Q

Kisspeptin

A

Puberty
Hypothalamus
Acts on GnRH neurons

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10
Q

OT

A

Oxytocin
Through Posterior Pituitary (Cell bodies in Hypothalamus)
Contractions, Milk let-down
Also released in brain (social, reproductive, parental behaviors etc)

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11
Q

AVP/ADH

A

Vasopressin
Through Posterior Pituitary (Cell bodies in Hypothalamus)
Targets kidneys
Water retention
Blood pressure
In the brain, regulates social and other behaviors

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12
Q

LH/FSH

A

Luteinizing Hormone + Follicle Stimulating Hormone (gonadotropins)
Anterior Pituitary
Respond to GnRH
Stimulate hormone production + gamete development in gonads

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13
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
Responds to TRH and stimulates thyroid hormones

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14
Q

Prl

A

Prolactin
Anterior pituitary
Responds to TRH and PIH, promotes lactation

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15
Q

GH

A

Growth Hormone
Anterior Pituitary
Responds to GHRH and GHIH, stimulates growth
Too much: acromegaly

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16
Q

ACTH

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Anterior Pituitary
Responds to CRH and stimulate glucocorticoids in adrenal cortex

17
Q

T3/T4

A

Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine (Thyroid hormones)
Affect growth, reproduction, and metabolism
Disorders: Goiter, Cretinism, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism

18
Q

PTH

A

Parathyroid hormone
Calcium regulation

19
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Adrenal cortex
Responds to ACTH
Stress response
E.g. Cortisol

20
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

Adrenal cortex
Fluid balance and blood pressure
E.g. Aldosterone

21
Q

Sex hormones

A

Adrenal cortex
E.g. Testosterone
Disorder: Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

22
Q

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

A

Adrenal Medulla
Stress

23
Q

Androgens

A

Gonads
Stimulated by LH + FSH
E.g. Testosterone (T), androtenedione, dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
Sperm production/maturation
Secondary sex characteristics and accessory sex organs
Sexual, aggressive, and other social behaviors

24
Q

Estrogens

A

Gonads
Stimulated by LH + FSH before ovulation
E.g. Estradiol (E2), Estrone (E1, menopause), Estriol (E3, pregnancy), Estetrol (E4)
Secondary sex characteristics
Water retention, water/calcium metabolism
Sexual, maternal behavior

25
Q

Progestins

A

Gonads
Stimulated by LH + FSH after ovulation
E.g. Progesterone, prenenolone
Maintaining pregnancy
Reproductive and other behavior

26
Q

Insulin

A

Beta cells of Pancreas
Lowers blood sugar (promotes liver to store glycogen)

27
Q

Glucagon

A

Alpha cells in Pancreas
Raises blood sugar (stimulates glycogen breakdown in liver)

28
Q

Somatostatin

A

Delta cells of Pancreas
Regulate insulin and glucagon-producing cells

29
Q

CCK

A

Cholecystokinin
Small intestine
Satiety

30
Q

Ghrelin

A

Stomach
Stimulates food intake

31
Q

Leptin

A

Adipose tissue
Satiety

Hormones & Behavior (2 decks)

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