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Endocrine system(Bio) > Hormone quiz > Flashcards

Hormone quiz Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Target- tubules of the
kidneys(nephron)
Effect-decreases amount of water allowed to pass into urine

A

ADH- Antidiuretic Hormone

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2
Q

hyposecretion- diabetes insipidus- large amounts of urine productions causing thirst,dehydration, and possibly kidney stones.
Hypersecretion- small amounts of urine produced resulting in bloating, swelling, infrequent urination & build up of toxins in body.

A
  • Antidiuretic Hormone
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3
Q

Hyposecretion-at birth causes dwarfism
Hypersecretion-(childhhod) gigantism, (in adults) causes Acromegaly-changes in hands,feet and face

A

hGH-human Growth Hormone

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4
Q

Target- bones and growth plates & promotes
effect- growth of bones, organs and tissues

A

hGH- Human growth Hormone

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5
Q

Hyposecretion- delayed labour, limited amounts of milk
Hypersecretion- premature labour, milk may spurt out too easily

A

oxytocin

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6
Q

Target- uterus, mammary glands
effect- induces contractions of uterine muscles during birth & causes mammary glands to release milk during nursing.

A

oxytocin

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7
Q

Target-female-follicles in ovaries, male-seminiferous tubules in testes
effect-f.stimulates follicles in ovary to develop. M.stimulate development of seminiferous tubules & maturing of sperm

A

FSH- Follicle Stimulating hormone

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8
Q

Hyposecretion-ovary functions may decline-reduced estrogen-stunt sexual development. M.sperm development stunted

A

FSH- Follicle Stimulating hormone

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9
Q

Target-thyroid gland
effect-stimulates thyroid gland to release thyroxin

A

TSH-Thryroid stimulating hormone

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10
Q

Target-ovaries & testies
effect- causes ovulation in females. M.stimulates the interstitial cells of testes to produce testosterone

A

LH- Luteinizing hormone

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11
Q

Hyposecretion- decreased thyroxine levels.
Hypersecretion- over production of thyroid hormones & calcitonin

A

TSH-Thryroid stimulating hormone

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12
Q

Hyposecretion- underdevelopment of sex organs
Hypersecretion-early development

A

LH- Luteininzing hormone

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13
Q

Target- adrenal cortex
effect-causes the release of hormones involved in stress response

A

ACTH-adrenocorticotropic hormone

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14
Q

Target-mammary glands
effect- stimulates and maintains milk production after childbirth

A

Prolactin

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15
Q

hyposecretion- inability to deal with stress
Hypersecretion-hyperactivity- increased blood glucose levels

A

ACTH-adrenocorticotropic hormone

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16
Q

Hyposecretion-reduced milk production
hypersecretion-excess stimulation of breasts to produce milk

A

Prolactin

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17
Q

Target- most body cells
effect- increase rate of metabolism of the body

A

Thyroxin

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18
Q

Target-bones & blood
effect- move calcium from bones to blood

A

PTH-parathyroid hormone

19
Q

Hyposecretion- hypothyroidism-low metabolic rate=wight gain, cold, slow pulse.
Hypersecretion- hyperthyroidism- high metabolism rate, increase heart rate, weight loss, sweating, eyeball protrude

A

Thyroxin

20
Q

hypo. disorders: Goiter(enlargement of thyroid), cretinisms(stunted growth, mental retardation, lethargy), Myxedema
hyper. disorder : Graves disease

A

Thyroxin disorders

21
Q

hyposecretion-low calcium levels=stunted growth, malformation of teeth, muscle cramping
hypersecretion-high calcium levels in blood & urine. Kidney stones back pain

A

PTH- parathyroid hormone

22
Q

Target- bones
effect- moves calcium into bones from blood

A

Cacitonin (think calcium in)

23
Q

hypersecretion-excess calcium in the blood less in bones-could result in weaker bone structure
hypersecretion-low blood calcium- problems with clotting

A

Cacitonin (think calcium in)

24
Q

Target-body cells & liver
effect-lower blood glucose levels by : 1) causing liver & muscles to convert glucose to glycogen or
2) causes body cells to absorb sugar in order to metabolize it

A

insulin (moves glucose INto cells)

25
Q

Hyposecretion- diabetes mellitus-(sugar diabetes) or hyperglycemia(high blood sugar)
Hypersecretion- hypoglycimia(low blood sugar)

A

insulin (moves glucose INto cells)

26
Q

Target-liver
effect- raises blood glucose levesl by converting glycogon to glucose

A

Glucagon (moves glucose out of cells- “glucose gone’)

27
Q

Hyposecretion-hypoglycimia
Hypersecretion-Hyperglycimia

A

Glucagon (moves glucose out of cells- “glucose gone’)

28
Q

Target-body cells
effect- increase heart rate, relaxes bronchi, dilates pupils & blood vessels, converts glycogen to glucose, increase metabolism

A

Medulla (adrenal medulla)

29
Q

Target-cell membrane of nephron
effect- increases sodium retention & water absorbtion in kidneys. helps maintain body fluid levels

A

Aldosterone

30
Q

hyposecretion-inability to deal with stress adequately
Hypersecretion- nervousness, high blood pressure, sweating, rapid pulse

A

Medulla (adrenal medulla)

31
Q

Target-body cells
effect- increases the amount of amino acids in blood-liver converts these into glucose, fats are broken down into fatty acids, decrease use of glucose by most cells

A

Cortisol

32
Q

Hyposecretion-decrease blood pressure
hypersecretion-increase in blood pressure & bloating

A

Aldosterone

33
Q

Hyposecretion-difficulty with stress
Hypersecretion-illness as result of surpression of immune system

A

Cortisol

34
Q

Target-body cells
effect-development of male secondary sex characteristics

A

Androgens(generally know as male sex hormones)

35
Q

Target-pituitary glands
effect-causes release of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary beginning at puberty

A

GnRH-Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

36
Q

Hyposecretion-no significant effect in males, decreased sex drive in females
Hypesecretion-masculinization of females- beards &lower voices

A

Androgens(generally know as male sex hormones)

37
Q

Hyposecretion-insufficient production of FSH & LH, late onset of puberty
Hyposectrion-overproduciton of FSH and LH, early onset of puberty

A

GnRH Gonadotropin releasing hormone

38
Q

Target: general
effect: onset of sperm production & enlargement of penis, testes & prostate. deepening voice, body hair, hair on face, muscle development & sweat & sebaceous glands

A

Testes-interstitial cells produce testosterone

39
Q

Target-uterine lining, body cells
effect: initiates monthly build up of uterine lining, develops &maintain secondary sex characteristics: breast development, body hair, widening hips, increase fat deposits

A

esterogen-produced from follicles when FSH starts the development of follicles

40
Q

hyposecretion: shrinkage of testis and growth of breasts
hypersecretion-aggression-roid rage

A

Testes-interstitial cells produce testosterone

41
Q

hyposecretion-underdevelopment of endometrium
hypersecretion- overdevelopment of endometrium

A

esterogen-produced from follicles when FSH starts the development of follicles

42
Q

Target-uterine lining
effect-promotes the continued growth of uterine lining for possible implantation, inhibits uterine contractions

A

progesterone-produced from corpus luteum in the ovary

43
Q

hyposecretion-underdevelopment of endometrium & uterine contractions
hypersecretion-overdevelopment of endometrium & inhibition of uterine contractions

A

progesterone-produced from corpus luteum in the ovary

Endocrine system(Bio) (1 decks)

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