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Endocrine Week 1 > Hormone MasterList > Flashcards

Hormone MasterList Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates ACTH

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2
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates GH release

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3
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of somatostatin (aka growth hormone inhibitory hormone)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Inhibits GH release

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4
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates FSH and LH release

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5
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF, aka dopamine)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Inhibits prolactin release

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6
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Hypothalamus

Function: Stimulates TSH and prolactin release

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7
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Trophic to adrenal cortex; Stimulates synthesis and secretion of cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens

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8
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Promotes sperm maturation via Sertoli cells in testes and Stimulates ovarian follicle development

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9
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of growth hormone (GH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Acute metabolic effects oppose insulin; chronic growth-promoting effect via insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

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10
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of lutenizing hormone (LH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates Leydig cells of testes to secrete testosterone; surge key to ovulation and formation of corpus luteum

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11
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of prolactin

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Required in lactation for mammary growth, initiation of milk secretion, and maintenacne of milk production

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12
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Anterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones

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13
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of antidiuretic hormone/vasopressin

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: Increases kidney water retention; constricts arterioles

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14
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of oxytocin

A

Structure: peptides

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: Stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection in lactation

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15
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4)

A

Structure: amine

Location: Posterior pituitary

Function: increases metabolic rate and is key to grwoth and development

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16
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of aldosterone

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Adrenal cortex

Function: Decreases urinary Na+ excretion and icnreases urinary K+ and H+ excretion

17
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of cortisol

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Adrenal cortex

Function: Released in response to stress and has various metabolic actions

18
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of epi/norepinephrine

A

Structure: Amine

Location: Adrenal medulla

Function: Produces effects similar to SNS

19
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of Insulin

A

Structure: Petide

Location: Pancreas B cells

Function: Promotes glucose storage as glycogen in liver and muscle and as triglyceride in adipose tissue and the liver

20
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of glucagon

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Pancreas alpha cells

Function: Increases blood glucose by promoting glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and ketogenesis in the liver

21
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of parathyroid hormone

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Parathyroid

Function: increases bone Ca2+ resorption and renal and interstitial Ca2+ absorption; increases renal phosphate excretion

22
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of testosterone

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Testes

Function: Male puberty, development, and maintenance of male repro organs and secondary sex characteristics

23
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of estrogen

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Ovaries

Function: Female development

24
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of progesterone

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Ovaries

Function: Supports secretory phase of endometrial cycle and is important in maintenance of pregnancy

25
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Placenta

Function: Maintains corpus luteum in early pregnancy

26
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Placenta

Function: Supports breast development in pregnancy and regulates fuel emtabolism of fetoplacental unit

27
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of gastrin

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Stomach

Function: Stimulates HCl release by parietal cells of the gastric mucosa

28
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of cholecystokinin (CCK)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Small Intestine

Function: Stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes; contracts gallbladder; relaxes spincter of Oddi; acts as satiety signal

29
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of secretin

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Small intestine

Function: Increases fluid and HCO3- secretion by pancreatic duct and provides a feedback inhibition of gastric H+ secretion

30
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Heart

Function: Increases renal Na+ excretion

31
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of renin

A

Structure: Peptide

Location: Kidney

Function: converts angiotensinogen to angio I

32
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

A

Structure: Steroid

Location: Kidneys

Function: Stimulates intestinal Ca2+ and phosphate absorption

33
Q

Describe the 1) structure 2) location of formation and 3) function of EPO

A

Structure: peptide

Location: Kidney

Function: Stimulates RBC production

Endocrine Week 1 (20 decks)

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