Hormone abnormalities summary

Question 1

T1DM cause and symptosm

Answer 1

lack of insulin

hyperglycaemia, glucosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, rapid muscle wasting and loss of SC fat, fatigue

Question 2

T2DM cause and symptoms

Answer 2

insulin resistance (overprod of glucose or abnormal insulin secretion)

hyperglycaemia, glycosuria, polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, wt loss, fatigue, blurred vision, dry mouth

Question 3

diabetes incipidus cause and symptom

Answer 3

lack/unresponsive of ADH

water loss, hypovolaemia, dehydration

Question 4

Cushing’s syndrome cause and symptoms

Answer 4

adrenal tumour causing excess cortisol secretion

hyperglycaemia, hypokalaemia, hypernatremia, HTN, wt gain, skin hyperpigmentation, hirsutism

Question 5

Addison’s diease cause and symptoms

Answer 5

adrenal destruction/lack of ACTH secretion

Hypoglycaemia, hyperkalaemia, hyponatremia, hypotension, fatigue, weight loss, skin hyperpigmentation

Question 6

hypothyroidism cause and symptoms

Answer 6

reduced T3/4 secretion

tiredness, wt gain, depression, dry skin and hair, sensitive to cold, constipation, goitre

Question 7

hyperthrydoisim cause and symptoms

Answer 7

excessive T3/4 secretion

anxiety, mood swings, sensitive to heat, twitching or trembling, palpitations, wt loss, goitre

Question 8

hypoparathyroidism cause and symptoms

Answer 8

parathyroid gland destruction or congenital abscence (DiGeorge)-> less parathyroid hormone

hypocalcaemia

Question 9

hyperparathyroidism cause and symptoms

Answer 9

parathyroid gland tumour, increased PTH secretion

hypercalcaemia

Question 10

Conn’s disease

Answer 10

= hyperaldosteronism

adrenocortical tumour, excess aldosterone secretion

hypernatremia, HTN, hypovolaemia