Hormonal Control of Reproduction Flashcards
Name the hormone produced in males at the onset of puberty?
releaser hormone
Where is releaser hormone produced?
The Hypothalamus.
What gland does the hypothalamus stimulate in the male?
The pituitary gland
What hormones does the pituitary gland produce in males?
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) or interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
What does FSH stimulate in the male?
The production of sprem in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
What does LH (ICSH) stimulate in the male?
The production of testosterone in the interstial cells of the testes.
Give two fuctions of testosterone?
Testosterone also stimulates sperm production and activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.
How are levels of testosterone controlled?
Negative feedback control of testosterone by FSH and ICSH
Normal length of female menstrual cycle?
28 days
What happens on day one of the females menstrual cyle.
Menstruation occurs ( sheddding of the endometrium)
Name the hormone that is produce to initiation puberty in the female.
Releasing hormone.
Where is releasing hormone produced in the female?
The hypothalamus.
What does releasing hormone stimulate?
The poduction of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.
What is the target organ of FSH
The ovary
What is the result of FSH stimulation on the ovary
The ovary will start to delop an ovum in side a follicle.
What does the developing follicle in the ovary produce?
Oestrogen
What effects does oestrogen have?
Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation.
Oestrogen stimulates thinning of the cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm.
Peak levels of oestrogen stimulate a surge in the secretion of LH.
What is the name of the first part of the menstrual cycle?
The follicular phase
What do peak levels of oestrogen stimulate?
Production of LH
What does LH stimulate?
Ovulation
What is ovulation?
Ovulation is the release of an egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary.
When does ovulation occur?
Mid cycle
What is the second phase of the females cyle called?
The luteal phase
What is happening in the luteal phase?
In the luteal phase the follicle develops into a corpus luteum which secretes progesterone.
What effect does progesterone have?
Progesterone promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.
How do we make sure that only one ovum develops
The negative feedback effect of the ovarian hormones on the pituitary gland and the secretion of FSH and LH prevent further follicles from developing.
What effect does a lack of LH have?
The lack of LH leads to degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels leading to menstruation.
