Hormonal Control of Reproduction

Question 1

Name the hormone produced in males at the onset of puberty?

Answer 1

releaser hormone

Question 2

Where is releaser hormone produced?

Answer 2

The Hypothalamus.

Question 3

What gland does the hypothalamus stimulate in the male?

Answer 3

The pituitary gland

Question 4

What hormones does the pituitary gland produce in males?

Answer 4

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH) or interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Question 5

What does FSH stimulate in the male?

Answer 5

The production of sprem in the seminiferous tubules of the testes.

Question 6

What does LH (ICSH) stimulate in the male?

Answer 6

The production of testosterone in the interstial cells of the testes.

Question 7

Give two fuctions of testosterone?

Answer 7

Testosterone also stimulates sperm production and activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.

Question 8

How are levels of testosterone controlled?

Answer 8

Negative feedback control of testosterone by FSH and ICSH

Question 9

Normal length of female menstrual cycle?

Answer 9

28 days

Question 10

What happens on day one of the females menstrual cyle.

Answer 10

Menstruation occurs ( sheddding of the endometrium)

Question 11

Name the hormone that is produce to initiation puberty in the female.

Answer 11

Releasing hormone.

Question 12

Where is releasing hormone produced in the female?

Answer 12

The hypothalamus.

Question 13

What does releasing hormone stimulate?

Answer 13

The poduction of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland.

Question 14

What is the target organ of FSH

Answer 14

The ovary

Question 15

What is the result of FSH stimulation on the ovary

Answer 15

The ovary will start to delop an ovum in side a follicle.

Question 16

What does the developing follicle in the ovary produce?

Answer 16

Oestrogen

Question 17

What effects does oestrogen have?

Answer 17

Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation.

Oestrogen stimulates thinning of the cervical mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm.

Peak levels of oestrogen stimulate a surge in the secretion of LH.

Question 18

What is the name of the first part of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 18

The follicular phase

Question 19

What do peak levels of oestrogen stimulate?

Answer 19

Production of LH

Question 20

What does LH stimulate?

Answer 20

Ovulation

Question 21

What is ovulation?

Answer 21

Ovulation is the release of an egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary.

Question 22

When does ovulation occur?

Answer 22

Mid cycle

Question 23

What is the second phase of the females cyle called?

Answer 23

The luteal phase

Question 24

What is happening in the luteal phase?

Answer 24

In the luteal phase the follicle develops into a corpus luteum which secretes progesterone.

Question 25

What effect does progesterone have?

Answer 25

Progesterone promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometrium preparing it for implantation if fertilisation occurs.

Question 26

How do we make sure that only one ovum develops

Answer 26

The negative feedback effect of the ovarian hormones on the pituitary gland and the secretion of FSH and LH prevent further follicles from developing.

Question 27

What effect does a lack of LH have?

Answer 27

The lack of LH leads to degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels leading to menstruation.