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VSphere > Hoofdstuk 1 > Flashcards

Hoofdstuk 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How are physical resources presented to multiple virtual machines?

A

Physical resources are presented to multiple virtual machines through a process called hardware virtualization.

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2
Q

What is the Hypervisor?

A

The hypervisor, a software layer, manages the allocation and sharing of physical resources such as CPU, memory, storage, and network among the virtual machines (VMs) running on the host.

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3
Q

what manages a hypervisor

A

manages the allocation
and
sharing of physical resources such as
CPU, memory, storage, and network among
the virtual machines (VMs) running on the host.

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4
Q

How can virtual resources be shared across multiple virtual machines?

A

Virtual resources can be shared across multiple VMs through the hypervisor, which manages resource allocation by dynamically allocating, deallocating, and reallocating resources like CPU, memory, storage, and network as required by the VMs based on their demand and configured limits.

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5
Q

How does the hypervisor manages resource allocation ?

A

by dynamically allocating, deallocating, and reallocating resources

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6
Q

Which resources?

A

like CPU, memory, storage, and network as required by the VMs based on their demand and configured limits.

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7
Q

What are examples of type 1 hypervisors?

A

Type 1 hypervisors, also known as bare-metal hypervisors, run directly on the hardware, and examples include VMware ESXi, Microsoft Hyper-V, and Citrix XenServer.

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8
Q

What are examples of type 2 hypervisors?

A

Type 2 hypervisors, also known as hosted hypervisors, run on top of an existing operating system, and examples include VMware Workstation, Oracle VirtualBox, and Parallels Desktop.

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9
Q

What business challenges are addressed by vSphere?

A

vSphere addresses various business challenges, including :
- reducing IT infrastructure and management costs
- improving resource utilization,
- increasing application uptime and availability,
- enabling business continuity and disaster recovery,
and simplifying the deployment and management of virtual machines.

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10
Q

What are the components of a vSphere environment?

A

The components of a vSphere environment include
- ESXi hosts,
- vCenter Server,
- virtual machines (VMs),
- virtual networking (vSwitches,
- distributed switches),
- datastores,
and various management tools like
- vSphere Client,
- vSphere Web Client,
- and vSphere SDKs.

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11
Q

What are the vSphere virtual networking components and types?

A

vSphere virtual networking components include
- standard virtual switches (vSwitches),
- distributed virtual switches (dvSwitches)
- port groups, and
- virtual network adapters (vmnics).

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12
Q

What does networking components provide?

A

These components provide;
- network connectivity,
- segmentation, and
- traffic management
for virtual machines and ESXi hosts.

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of storage access protocols for vSphere?

A

Storage access protocols for vSphere?
- include block-level protocols like Fibre Channel (FC),
- iSCSI, and
- Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE),
as well as
- file-level protocols like Network File System (NFS).

These protocols provide different methods of accessing and managing the storage resources in a vSphere environment.

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of vSphere storage technologies?

A

vSphere storage technologies include;
- VMFS (Virtual Machine File System),
- NFS (Network File System), and
- vSAN (Virtual SAN).

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15
Q

Whats VMFS?

A

VMFS is a cluster file system designed for storing VM files

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16
Q

What is NFS?

A

NFS is a file-level storage protocol

17
Q

What is vSAN?

A

vSAN is a software-defined storage solution that aggregates local storage resources across ESXi hosts.

18
Q

What are the purposes of different virtual machine files?

A

Different virtual machine files serve various purposes, including configuration (.vmx), virtual disks (.vmdk), log files (.log), snapshot files (.vmsn, .vmsd), and memory files (.vmem, .vmswap). These files store the VM’s configuration, data, logs, and state information.

19
Q

what are .VMx files

A

VM’s configuration

20
Q

What virtual disks files?

A

(.vmdk)

21
Q

What are snapshot files?

A

vmsn and vmsd files

22
Q

What are memory files ?.

A

memory files .vmem and .vmswap.

23
Q

Identify the types of OS that can run on virtual machines.

A

Virtual machines can run a wide range of operating systems, including but not limited to:

1) Microsoft Windows (various versions
2) Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu,
3) CentOS, Debian, Fedora, and more)
4) macOS
5) Unix-based systems (e.g., FreeBSD, OpenBSD)
6) Solaris
7) Other, less common operating systems

24
Q

Which operating systems can be installed on virtual machines?

A

1) Microsoft Windows (various versions
2) Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu,
3) CentOS, Debian, Fedora, and more)
4) macOS
5) Unix-based systems (e.g., FreeBSD, OpenBSD)
6) Solaris
7) Other, less common operating systems

25
Q

What are the primary use cases for snapshots, cloning, and templates in a virtual environment?

A

Snapshots:
Cloning:
Templates:

26
Q

what are snapshots?

A

Snapshots: Provide point-in-time backups of virtual machines, used for testing updates or changes, and can be reverted to if needed.

27
Q

what is cloning?

A

Cloning: Creates an exact copy of a virtual machine, useful for scaling out applications, setting up test environments, or deploying pre-configured systems.

28
Q

what are templates?

A

Templates: Predefined configurations for creating new virtual machines, speeding up the deployment process, and ensuring consistent configurations.

29
Q

What are the key functionalities provided by vSphere vMotion technologies?

A

vSphere vMotion: Allows live migration of running virtual machines between ESXi hosts with no downtime, providing load balancing and hardware maintenance capabilities.

30
Q

What are the key functionalities provided by vSphere Storage vMotion technologies?

A

Storage vMotion: Enables live migration of virtual machine disk files (VMDKs) between different storage types or datastores without downtime, optimizing storage usage and enabling storage maintenance.

31
Q

What are some common use cases for vSphere vMotion technologies?

A

vSphere vMotion: Use cases include load balancing, hardware maintenance, power management, and distributing workloads to avoid resource contention.

32
Q

What are some common use cases for vSphere Storage vMotion technologies?

A

Storage vMotion: Use cases involve storage optimization, datastore migration, storage maintenance, and datastore space reclamation.

33
Q

What are the main characteristics of vSphere High Availability ?

A

High Availability (HA) use cases:
- Ensuring continuous operation for critical applications,
- reducing downtime during hardware failures,
- and maintaining service level agreements.

34
Q

What are the main characteristics of Fault Tolerance?

A

Disaster Recovery (DR) use cases: Recovering from site-wide outages or major disasters, restoring operations at a secondary site, and testing recovery plans without disrupting production environments.

35
Q

What is the primary functionality of VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)?

A

VMware Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) is a feature that automatically balances computing resources across a cluster of ESXi hosts.

It monitors resource usage and redistributes virtual machines as needed to optimize performance,

avoid resource contention,

and ensure adherence to resource allocation policies.

36
Q

What does a DRS score indicate in terms of resource balance within a cluster?

A

A DRS score is a numeric value that indicates the level of resource imbalance within a cluster.

Lower scores represent better balance and higher scores represent worse balance.

DRS scores typically range from 0 to 100, where a score closer to 0 indicates a well-balanced cluster,

while scores closer to 100 indicate severe resource imbalance and potential performance issues.

37
Q

What are the main use cases for Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) in a vSphere environment?

A

Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) enables seamless vMotion between ESXi hosts with different CPU generations within the same cluster.

Use cases for EVC include:

Simplifying hardware upgrades: EVC allows for easier migration of VMs to newer hardware without downtime.

Maintaining vMotion compatibility: Ensures compatibility between hosts with different CPU generations.

Facilitating hardware diversity:
Enables organizations to use a mix of hardware within the same cluster,

reducing the need to purchase identical hardware for every host.

38
Q

Which feature must an administrator use to revert back to the previous version of a VM template?
A. Content Library
B. VM Snapshots
C. Storage vMotion
D. VMware Tools

A

A. Content Library

VSphere (4 decks)

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