Honors Bio Test review Flashcards
Define Evolution
The continuous adaptation to ones enviroment
Who was responsible for adopting the theory of evolution?
Darwin
Describe the Galapogos
Tropical islands of the coast of South America
What is natural selection?
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
What are homologous structures?
Homologous structures suggest that organisms have independently evolved similar traits.
What are analogous Structures?
analogous structures are biological structures having similar or corresponding functions but not from the same evolutionary origin
What are vestigial organs?
Vestigial organs are the organs that have no apparent function and are considered to be the residual parts from the past ancestors.
What is divergent evolution?
Divergent evolution is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, sometimes leading to speciation
What is convergent evolution?
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different periods or epochs in time
Define Gene Pool
the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population.
Define Species
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
What is a clade?
a group of organisms believed to have evolved from a common ancestor, according to the principles of cladistics
What does allele frequency mean?
Allele frequency, or gene frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage
What is phylogeny?
the branch of biology that deals with phylogenesis.
another term for phylogenesis.
Who was the other main scientist who helped define evolution?
Mendel
