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Honors Algebra II > Honors Algebra II Vocabulary > Flashcards

Honors Algebra II Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Arithmetic Sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

Change of Base Formula

A

log(c)(a) = log(b)(a) / log(b)(c)

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4
Q

Circle

A

a closed plane curve consisting of all points at a given distance from a point within it called the center. Equation: x2 + y2 = r2

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5
Q

Combined Variation

A

a situation where a variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others

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6
Q

Common Difference

A

the common difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

Common Logarithm

A

a logarithm with base 10, log(10), or just log

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8
Q

Common Ratio

A

the constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

Completing the Square

A

to add a term c to an expression of the form x^2 + bx such that x^2 + bx + c is a perfect square trinomial

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10
Q

Complex Conjugates

A

pairs of complex numbers of the forms a + bi and a - bi, where b is not equal to 0

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11
Q

Complex Fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or denominator

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12
Q

Complex Number

A

a number written in the form a + bi, where a and b are real numbers

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13
Q

Composition of Functions

A

an operation that can be performed with two functions

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14
Q

Compound Inequality

A

an inequality that combines two simple inequalities

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15
Q

Conic Section

A

a figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone

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16
Q

Consistent

A

a linear or nonlinear system of equations; when substituted into each of the equations, they make each equation hold true as an identity

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17
Q

Constant of Variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y = a / x, where a is not equal to 0

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18
Q

Continuous Relation

A

if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval

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19
Q

Correlation Coefficient

A

a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs (x,y)

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20
Q

Dependent

A

the variable that depends on the value of some other number

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21
Q

Dimensions of a Matrix

A

the dimensions of a matrix with m rows and n columns are m by n

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22
Q

Direct Variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

Discriminant

A

the expression b^2 - 4ac in the Quadratic Formula

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24
Q

Ellipse

A

a plane curve surrounding two focal points

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25
End Behavior
the behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive/negative infinity
26
Exponential Equation
equation sin which variable expressions occur as exponents
27
Extraneous Solution
solutions that are not solutions of the original equation
28
Extremum
the maximum or minimum value of a function
29
Factor Theorem
a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial
30
Finite Sequence
a list of terms in a specific order, has a first and last term
31
Function
a binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set
32
Geometric Sequence
a sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant
33
Greatest Integer Function
a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval
34
Growth Factor
the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y = ab^x, where a > 0 and b > 1
35
Hyperbola
a symmetrical open curve formed by the intersection of a circular cone with a plane at a smaller angle with its axis than the side of the cone
36
Identity Function
a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument
37
Imaginary Unit
i; square root of -1
38
Inconsistent
no solution
39
Independent
variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment
40
Infinite Sequence
a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers
41
Interval Notation
a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers by the numbers that bound them
42
Inverse Function
a function that "reverses" another function
43
Inverse Relation
the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function
44
Inverse Variation
two variables x and y show inverse variation when y = a / x, where a is not equal to 0
45
Joint Variation
describes a situation where one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant
46
Latus Rectum
a chord of a conic section (such as an ellipse) that passes through a focus and is parallel to the directrix
47
Linear Programming
a mathematical technique for maximizing or minimizing a linear function of several variables, such as output or cost
48
Logarithm
a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number
49
Logistic Growth Model
f(x) = L / 1 + e^-k(x-x(0))
50
Matrix
a rectangular arrangement of numbers
51
nth root
for an integer n greater than 1, if b^n = a, then b is an nth root of a
52
Natural Logarithm
a logarithm with base e, log(e), ln
53
Negative Exponent
how many times to divide by the number
54
Parabola
the graph of a quadratic function
55
Parent Function
the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family
56
Piece-wise Defined Function
a function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain
57
Point-slope Form
y - y(1) = m(x-x(1))
58
Quadratic Function
a function of degree two
59
Radicand
the thing we are finding the root of
60
Rate of Change
is the speed at which a variable changes over a specific period of time
61
Rational Exponent
an exponent that is a fraction
62
Rational Function
a function that is the ratio of two polynomials
63
Rationalizing the Denominator
to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots
64
Recursive Formula
a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
65
Regression Line
a line that best describes the behavior of a set of data
66
Relative Maximum
a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing (making that point a "peak" in the graph)
67
Relative Minimum
the lowest point in a particular section of a graph
68
Root
where a function equals 0
69
Scatter Plot
a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, the pattern of the resulting points revealing any correlation present
70
Sequence
a list of numbers or objects in a special order
71
Set-builder Notation
a mathematical notation for describing a set by enumerating its elements, or stating the properties that its members must satisfy
72
Step Function
a function that increases or decreases abruptly from one constant value to another
73
Synthetic Division
a method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than the long division
74
Vertex Form
y = a ( x − h ) 2 + k
75
Vertical Line Test
a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not
76
Zeros
where a function equals the value zero

Honors Algebra II (1 decks)

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