Homologous Series Flashcards
Define homologous series
A group of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties
What causes the gradual change in physical properties?
The increasing strength of the intermolecular forces
Define hydrocarbons
A compound containing hydrogen and carbon only
What is the general formula for an alkane?
CnH2n+2
What are the products of a congestion reaction?
Carbon dioxide + water
What term is used to describe alkanes as they will not instantly decolourise bromine solution?
Saturated
What is the general formula for an alkene?
CnH2n
What term is used to describe alkenes as they will instantly decolourise bromine solution?
Unsaturated
What term is used to describe the addition of water?
Hydration
What term is used to describe the addition of hydrogen?
Hydrogenation
What is the general formula of cycloalkanes?
CnH2n
What is the functional group for cycloalkanes?
Carbon ring structure
What term is used to describe cycloalkanes as they do not instantly decolourise bromine solution?
Saturated
Define isomers
Same molecular formula but different structural formula
What is the general formula for alcohols?
CnH2n+1OH
What is the functional group for alcohols?
Hydroxyl
What term is used to describe alcohols as they do not instantly decolourise bromine solution?
Saturated
What are the 2 uses of alcohols?
Solvents and fuels
What is the general formula for carboxylic acids?
CnH2n+COOH
What is the functional group for carboxylic acids?
Carboxyl
What acid is vinegar a dilute solution of?
Ethanoic acid
Define a fuel
Anything that burns to release energy
What is an endothermic reaction?
On that takes in heat energy
What is an exothermic reaction?
On that gives out energy
