homologous series

Question 1

a hydrocarbon is

Answer 1

a compound made up of hydrogen and carbon only

Question 2

a homologous series is

Answer 2

a family of hydrocarbons with similar chemical properties and the same general formula

Question 3

alkanes up to C8:

Answer 3

methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane

Question 4

full structural formula example:

Answer 4

e.g.

h
h-c-h
h

Question 5

shortened structural formula example:

Answer 5

CH3,CH2,CH2,CH3

Question 6

alkanes general formula is

Answer 6

CnH2n+2

Question 7

alkanes:

from methane upwards, the boiling point ……….. and the flammability ………………

Answer 7

increases, flammability decreases

Question 8

alkanes:

as the length of the carbon chain increases,

Answer 8

more intermolecular bonds form

Question 9

alkenes are used to make

Answer 9

polymers

Question 10

alkenes contain

Answer 10

carbon-carbon double bonds

Question 11

alkenes:

molecular formula example:

Answer 11

C3H6

Question 12

alkenes:

full structural formula example:

Answer 12

h-c=c -h

h h

Question 13

alkenes general formula is

Answer 13

CnH2n

Question 14

Cycloalkanes are used as

Answer 14

solvents and fuels

Question 15

cycloalkanes are ………. in water

Answer 15

insoluble

Question 16

alkenes are ………….. in water

Answer 16

insoluble

Question 17

alkanes are ………….. in water

Answer 17

insoluble

Question 18

cycloalkane general formula is

Answer 18

CnH2n

Question 19

alkenes are unsaturated or saturated?

Answer 19

unsaturated

Question 20

alkanes are unsaturated or saturated?

Answer 20

saturated

Question 21

cycloalkanes are unsaturated or saturated?

Answer 21

saturated

Question 22

alkenes can take part in ………. reactions because they are ………………..

Answer 22

alkenes can take part in addition reactions because they are more reactive

Question 23

addition reactions involve the addition of a molecule such as

Answer 23

water, a diatomic molecule like hydrogen, across the double bond

Question 24

reaction between an alkene and hydrogen in an addition reaction is

Answer 24

hydrogenation

Question 25

alkenes …………… bromine water

Answer 25

decolourise

Question 26

reaction between an alkene and halogen forms

Answer 26

dihaloalkanes

Question 27

addition reactions can be used to form

Answer 27

alcohols

Question 28

reaction to form an alcohol is known as

Answer 28

hydration

Question 29

branched hydrocarbons are

Answer 29

hydrocarbons with a branch coming off the main chain

Question 30

naming hydrocarbons:

Answer 30

1- name longest carbon chain
2-identify branch and name
3-make sure branch is on lowest possible number

Question 31

isomers are

Answer 31

compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 32

isomers have the

Answer 32

same no. of carbon and hydrogen atoms but arranged differently