homologous series 2.1

Question 1

what is a homologous series

Answer 1

a family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties

Question 2

what is a hydrocarbon

Answer 2

compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only

Question 3

alkanes general formula

Answer 3

CnH2n+2

Question 4

properties of alkanes

Answer 4

• melting and boiling points increase as molecule size increase
• bigger molecules have stronger intermolecular forces
• all alkanes are insoluble in water

Question 5

alkene general formula

Answer 5

CnH2n

Question 6

what do all alkenes contain

Answer 6

single and double bonds

Question 7

properties of alkenes

Answer 7

• melting and boiling points increase as molecule size increase
• bigger molecules have stronger intermolecular forces
• all alkenes are insoluble in water

Question 8

are alkanes saturated or unsaturated

Answer 8

saturated

Question 9

are alkenes saturated or unsaturated

Answer 9

unsaturated

Question 10

why is bromine water used

Answer 10

to test for unsaturation

Question 11

what are isomers

Answer 11

molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula

Question 12

cycloalkane general formula

Answer 12

CnH2n

Question 13

what is hydrogenation

Answer 13

when hydrogen is reacts with an alkene

Question 14

what is hydration

Answer 14

when water reacts with an alkene to create an alcohol

Question 15

what is bromination

Answer 15

when bromine reacts with an alkene

Question 16

what are alkanes commonly used for

Answer 16

fuels

Question 17

what is an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 17

one which has at least one carbon to carbon double bond in each molecule

Question 18

what two common homologous series are isomers

Answer 18

alkenes and cycloalkanes

Question 19

what is the test for unsaturation

Answer 19

add bromine solution to the hydrocarbon and if it is unsaturated the bromine should decolouise