Homologous series Flashcards
What is a isomer?
Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
Whats the use of copper can in a combustion experiment
Better heat transfer
Whats a hydroxyl?
OH
Mp and bp of alkanes
have very weak attractions between their molecules
-have very low melting & boiling points
-are volatile, flammable and runny
are insoluble in water.
Mp and bp of alkenes
-very weak attractions between their molecules
-are insoluble in water
-have very low melting & boiling points
are volatile, flammable and not runny
Whats a carboxyl?
COOH
Facts about cycloalkanes
- burn to give CO2 and H2O on complete combustion
- saturated because they contain single C—C bonds
- can’t decolourise bromine water immediately
How is a alkanol made
Water + alkene
Uses of carboxylic acids
Soaps
Preservatives
Medicines
Vinegar(ethanoice acid)
What is the homologous series?
group of compounds with:
- similar chemical properties
- the same general formula
- a gradual change in physical properties(melting and boiling point.)
General formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
Advantages of bioethanol
Renewable source of energy
Carbon neutral releases co2 when burned
But crops take in co2 during photosynthesis
Facts about the alkane family.
- The simpler alkanes are mainly used as fuels
- burn to give carbon dioxide and water on complete combustion
- saturated because they contain only single C—C bonds
- cant decolourise bromine water immediately .
What is used in a combustion experiment?
Insulation Thermometer Alkanol burner Copper can Volume
What is combustion(burning)
when a substance reacts with oxygen
Whats the use of insulation in a combustion experiment
To stop heat loss
General formula for alkanes
CnH2n + 2
Properties of alcahols
- molecule size increases,bp increases due to stronger intermolecular forces of attraction
- molecule size increases,solubility decreases
Name the addition reactions alkenes go through
Hydrogenation (addition of hydrogen)
Hydration(addition of water)
Bromination(addition of bromine)
Name the three homologous series families
Alkanes
Alkenes
Cycloalkanes
What is Fermentation ?
process in which ethanol is made from plant materials.
Glucose breaks down
Ethanol burned for energy
Combustion in hydrocarbons
If theres enough oxygen, combust to form water and carbon dioxide
What is cracking?
- process where longer hydrocarbin chains break down into smaller ones
- alumunium oxide is usually the catalyst
Facts about the alkene family
- burn to give carbon dioxide and water on complete combustion
- unsaturated because they contain a double C = C bond
- C = C bond makes alkenes more reactive than alkanes.
- decolourise bromine water immediately on mixing
