Hominin Evolution

Question 1

Ardipithecus ramidus

Answer 1

5.8-4.4 mya

Found in Ethiopia

Mosaic of ape and hominin features (anterior foramen magnum but abducted hallux with long limbs)

Proves Africa was forested at this time and not a savanna

Question 2

Paranthropus

Answer 2

2.8-1 mya

East and South Africa

450-550 cc

Small bodied, bipedal, ape-like upper body

“Robust” chewing aparatus - megadonty, sagittal crest, post orbital constriction, large temporal fossa

Question 3

Orrorin tugenesis

Answer 3

6 mya

Found in Kenya

Femoral angle indicates possible bipedalism; still has ape-like features

Question 4

Kenyanthropus platyops

Answer 4

3.5 mya

Found in Kenya

Contemporaneous with Australopithecus

Question 5

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Answer 5

7-6 mya

Found in Chad

Theorized to be bipedal, but unknown due to condition of skull (can not identify foramen magnum placement)

Question 6

Paranthropus is called _________ by “lumpers”

Answer 6

Australopithecus (robust)

Question 7

Homo naledi

Answer 7

unknown - est. 2.8-2.5 mya

South Africa

560 cc

Mosaic of ape and hominin features

Question 8

Australopithecus

Answer 8

4-1 mya

East and South Africa

400-500 cc

Small bodied, bipedal, ape-like upper body

“Gracile” chewing aparatus