homeostatsis

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

set point

Question 2

lack of homeostasis

Answer 2

forms basis of most diseases

Question 3

adaptation

Answer 3

allows cells to survie short-term

Question 4

cellular adaption

Answer 4

allows cells to survive short term

Question 5

Physiological/pathological consequences if homeostasis isn’t returned.

Answer 5

r eversible cell injury-irreversible-cell death Most physiological process are goverened by negative feedback mechnisms exceptions are hemostatsis and parturition.

Question 6

Morphologic charcteristics

Answer 6

Excessive cell swelling and dramatic changes to organelles. Hydrophic

Question 7

Hallmark of irreversible cell injury or death

Answer 7

Massive Ca+ influx

Question 8

Cell death

Answer 8

Necrosis

Question 9

Apoptosis

Question 10

Homeostasis

Answer 10

dynamic processe to response to stress or injury

Question 11

Regulated Variables

Answer 11

have a physical receptor eg. temperature and BP

Question 12

Afferent Pathway

Answer 12

information relayed via afferent to integrating center

Question 13

Set point

Answer 13

range of normal values

Question 14

Efferent pathway

Answer 14

carries departures from normal to alter controlled variables as part of effector response

Question 15

Negative feedback

Answer 15

work to return the orginal input signal back to wnl.

Question 16

Physical receptors

Answer 16

thermoreceptors, baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, osmo and mechanoreptors

Question 17

controlled variables

Answer 17

vasoconstriction, vasodilation, increase heart rate, sweat reponse, muscle contraction

Question 18

Pathology

Answer 18

can be caused by intrinsic (genetic) or extrinsic environmental stress or injury.

Question 19

Genetic causes

Answer 19

mayh be inherited mutations from parent

Question 20

acquired

Answer 20

mutations from the environment

Question 21

diseases can be both

Answer 21

genetic and environmental

Question 22

diseases offer specific process

Answer 22

inflammation or autoimmunity

Question 23

etiology

Answer 23

underlying cause of disease

Question 24

Understanding disease process allow you

Answer 24

to inform, dx, rx, and prevent disease

Question 25

Down syndrome is not

Answer 25

inherited, acquired congenital during process

Question 26

Normal cell goes from

Answer 26

adapted, reversible cell injury, irreversible cell injury-cell death

Question 27

Atrophy

Answer 27

shrinkage of tissue or reduction in cell size

Question 28

Hypertrophy

Answer 28

increase in cell size in response to stress

Question 29

Hyperplasisa

Answer 29

increase in cell number

Question 30

Metaplasia

Answer 30

reversible process where one mature cell is replaced by another less mature cell type

Question 31

Type of cells that are replaced in smoking

Answer 31

Different type of lining, barrets esophagus

Question 32

Dysplesia

Answer 32

Disordered growth and maturation of cellular components of tissue

Question 33

Cellular accumulations and calcifications occur in response to injury and subsequent manifestations of cellular damage

Question 34

Under stress cells…

Answer 34

Accumulate substances,

Question 35

Acumulationg substances may lead to …

Answer 35

cell injury or cell death and provide INDICATIONS of cell injury

Question 36

Lipids are found in

Answer 36

heart and liver

Question 37

Glycogen

Answer 37

particular in liver and skeletal muscle

Question 38

Melanin

Answer 38

Melanocytes in the skin

Question 39

Hemosiderin

Answer 39

formed from hemoglobin-iron

Question 40

Bilirubin found

Answer 40

liver

Question 41

Hyaline change is

Answer 41

non-specfic indicator -formed from protein, seen cartilage, may intefere with metabolic or physical fx, thus tissue.

Question 42

Inflammatory response

Answer 42

can lead to further injury