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GCSE REVISION > Homeostatis and Response > Flashcards

Homeostatis and Response Flashcards

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1
Q

Which word means a change in the environment?

A

Stimulus

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2
Q

Give two examples of effectors

A

Muscles or glands

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3
Q

Which sense organ has receptors sensitive to light?

A

The Eye

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4
Q

Which two sense organs has receptors sensitive to chemicals?

A

The Nose and Tongue

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5
Q

What three conditions are controlled by homeostatis in the body?

A

Blood glucose concentration
Body temperature
Water levels

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6
Q

What is included in the central nervous system(CNS)?

A

Brain and spinal cord

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7
Q

A person accidentaly touches a hot pan. Her hand automatically moves away. Describe the structures in a reflex action.

A

A receptor detects a stimulus.
A sensory neurone transmits impulse to CNS
A relay neurone in the CNS passes the impulse on.
A motor neurone is stimulated.
The motor neurone passes the impulse on to an effector.
Action is taken (the response).

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8
Q

What is the generalised order during a nervous response?

A

Stimulus –> receptor –> coordinator –> effector –> response –>

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9
Q

Name the three different types of neurones.

A

Sensory,relay and motor neurones

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10
Q

What moves across the synapse?

A

A chemical messenger

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11
Q

What is a synapse?

A

A tiny gap at the junction between two nerve cells.

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12
Q

What three parts are contained in the brain?

A

Cerebral cortex, cerebellum amd medulla

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13
Q

Describe the three main parts of the brain.

A

Cerebral cortex- memory and thought
Cerebellum- movement
Medulla- heartbeat and thinking.

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14
Q

What part of the eye controls the amount of light entering it?

A

Iris

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15
Q

Why does the pupil get smaller?

A

It is a reflex response and stops damage to the retina.

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16
Q

Why do hormones take so long to act?

A

They have to travel through the bloodstream

17
Q

What system releases hormones?

A

Endocrine system

18
Q

Which gland is located at the base of the neck?

A

The thyroid gland

19
Q

How can Type 2 diabetes be caused?

A

Lack of exercise and poor diet

20
Q

Why do hormones last for such a long time?

A

They have an effect until they are broken down

21
Q

Which hormones are produces in the male and female reproductive organs?

A

Testosterone and oestrogen

22
Q

Is glucagon released by the pancreas when the blood sugar is too high?

A

Glucagon is not released when the blood sugar is high. Glucagon causes glycogen to be converted to glucose, which increases blood sugar.

23
Q

How does the pituitary gland affect thyroxine levels?

A

If the level is too low, it releases Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). This makes the thyroid gland produce thyroxine.

24
Q

Why is glucose needed for respiration?

A

Glucose is a reactant needed for the process

25
Q

What is homeostatis?

A

Homeostasis is the control of a constant internal environment for a range of different factors.

26
Q

Why do the hairs on our skin sometimes stand up when we are cold?

A

To trap air under them in order to keep us warmer

27
Q

Which part of the brain monitors body temperature?

A

Hypothamulus

28
Q

What happens during vasodilation?

A

Blood vessels widen so more blood flows through capillaries in the skin

29
Q

By what process does water move?

A

Osmosis

30
Q

Why does sweat help to cool us down?

A

Sweat removes thermal energy from the skin during evaporation. It does not stay on your skin.

31
Q

Why are proteins needed in a balanced diet?

A

Proteins are needed for growth and repair of new and damaged cells. Fibre helps prevent constipation.

32
Q

Which organ is involved in water regulation in the body?

A

The kidney

33
Q

Why is kidney dialysis used?

A

To clean the blood of patients’ whose kidneys aren’t working properly

34
Q

How does ADH help control water levels in the body?

A

ADH affects the permeability of the kidney tubules. The hypothalamus detects internal changes in the body.

35
Q

Where are receptor cells found?

A

In sense organs such as: eye, ear, nose, tongue and skin

36
Q

What is a sensory neurone?

A

Carries impulses from receptors to the CNS

37
Q

What is a motor neurone?

A

Carries impulses from the CNS to the effectors

38
Q

What is a relay neurone?

A

Relay neurone connects sensory neurones to motor neurones.

GCSE REVISION (2 decks)

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