Homeostatis Flashcards
what happens when blood glucose levels too low
pancreas release hormone glucagon that causes glycogen to be converted into glucose and release into bloodstream
what passes along nerve cells
electrical impulses
what is structure of reflex arc
receptors to sensory neurone to relay neurone to motor neurone to effector
what is a reflex
an automatic response to stimulus
what is endocrine system/how does it work
glands release chemicals called hormones, hormones released into bloodstream, bind to specific cells, cause change within cells
what is underlying issue in type 2 diabetes
bodys tissue becomes resistant to insulin
what is underlying issue in type 1 diabetes and how do you manage it
pancreas does release enough insulin. treated with insulin injections, monitoring diet and excerising regularly
list the 4 stages of menstrual cycle
stage 1 -period of bleeding as lining broken down
stage 2 - uterus lining built up
stage 3 - release of egg from ovaries
stage 4 -maintenance of uterus lining
(if no fertilised egg cycle repeats)
name the 6 glands and the hormones they secrete
pituitary -FSH and LH
pancreas -insulin, blood glucose levels
thyroid -thyroxine, metabolic rate
adrenal -adrenaline
ovaries -oestrogen
testes -testosterone
list the 4 hormones in menstrual cycle and their job
oestrogen -causes uterus lining to develop
FSH -stimulates egg to mature
LH - stimulates egg to be released
progesterone - maintains uterus lining
what happens when blood glucose levels are too high
pancreas secretes insulin into blood, lowering blood glucose levels
what is the gap between two neurones
synapse
what is contraception
method or device of preventing pregnancy
what hormones do hormonal contraceptive pills contains
oestrogen and progesterone
how does oestrogen act as contraceptive
inhibits FSH therefor eggs cannot mature
how does progesterone act as contraceptive
stimulates production of mucus in cervix so sperm can’t enter the uterus
what is the longest lasting contraceptive method
intrauterine device
what are the stages of IVF
1.woman is given FSH and LH to mature and release eggs 2.eggs collected from ovaries and sperm collected from male 3.eggs then fertilised by sperm 4.fertilised eggs left to grow into embryos in lab incubator 5.once large enough embryos inserted into women uterus
why could IVF be unethical to some
lead to ‘designer babies’
some embryos are destroyed
