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Biology paper 2 > Homeostasis and response > Flashcards

Homeostasis and response Flashcards

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1
Q

coordination centres

A

Areas that receive information from receptors

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2
Q

Effectors

A

Areas that bring about a response (normally a muscle)

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

the regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions . This happens in response to internal and external changes (stimulus).

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4
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

The master gland. Releases lots of different hormones including LH and FSH which regulates menstruation.

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5
Q

Reflex

A

A response to a stimulus which happens quickly to protect from harm. These nervous pathways do not involve the brain.

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6
Q

Receptors

A

Detect changes in the environment (eyes, ears, skin etc…)

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7
Q

Stimulus

A

A change in the internal or external environment.

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8
Q

Ovulation

A

The release of an egg from the ovaries

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9
Q

Endocrine system

A

The system that contains the glands and hormones within the body.

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10
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers in the body that travel in the blood (slow action)

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11
Q

Glands

A

Secrete hormones into the blood

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12
Q

Nerve cells/ neurons

A

Send electrical signals around the body.

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13
Q

Pancreas

A

Gland which secretes insulin and regulates blood glucose levels.

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14
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone which causes uptake of glucose from the blood stream into liver cells. Glucose is stored as glycogen.

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15
Q

Glycogen

A

Store of glucose

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16
Q

Oestrogen.

A

Female sex hormone. Secreted by the ovaries. Helps with the build up and maintenance of the uterus lining.

17
Q

Ovaries

A

Gland which secretes oestrogen and stores eggs.

18
Q

Menstruation

A

Shedding of the uterus lining during days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle

19
Q

LH (Leutinising hormone

A

Hormone secreted by the pituitary which causes ovulation

20
Q

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

A

Released by the pituitary gland and causes the egg to mature in the ovary.

21
Q

Progesterone

A

Maintains the uterus lining.

22
Q

Type 1 diabetes

A

The body responds to insulin but cannot secrete it. Usually genetic.

23
Q

Type 2 diabetes

A

The body produces insulin but no longer responds to it. Usually environmental but can sometimes be a combination of genes and environment.

24
Q

Testosterone

A

Causes male sex characteristics and sperm production. Secreted from the testes.

25
Q

Testes

A

Gland which secretes testosterone and creates sperm.

26
Q

Adrenal gland

A

Secretes adrenaline

27
Q

Adrenaline

A

fight or flight hormone. Causes an increase in heart rate etc…

28
Q

Thyroid

A

Gland which secretes thyroxine

29
Q

Thyroxine

A

Hormone which controls metabolism

Biology paper 2 (3 decks)

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