Homeostasis and Neuronal communication Flashcards
What is meant by Homeostasis
The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment
Why is it important to keep a stable internal environment?
It is vital for cells to function normally and to stop them from being damaged
What is meant by stimulus
any change in the internal or external enviornment
Why is coordination needed
Cells have become specialised to perform specific functions. Therefore, organisms need to coordinate the function of different cells and systems to operate effectively
What detects stimuli?
Receptors
Receptors are..
Specific
What are effectors?
Cells that bring about a response to a stimulus, to produce an effect
What is the role of receptors and effectors
Communicating information from one part of an organism to another
How is the response between receptors and effectors carried out?
Cell signalling
What are the three types of neurones? and what are there functions
Sensory neurone - transmit nerve impulses from receptors to the CNS
Motor neurone - Transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to the effectors
Relay Neurone - Transmit nerve impulses between sensory neurones and motor neurones
What is the function of the myelin sheath
Acts as an insulating layer and allows electrical impulses to be transmitted quickly.
What is the function of the axon?
carries nerve impulses away from the cell body
What is the function of the dendron?
carries nerve impulses to the cell body
What is the function of the cell body?
Within the cell body the organelles are surrounded by the cytoplasm - this contains the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria which are involved in the production of neurotransmitters.
What are dendrites?
they receive the electrical impulses
