Homeostasis and genetechnology Flashcards
Deamination
When the liver removes the amino groups and then it becomes some kind of energy
Excretion
The removal of unwanted products of metabolism is known as excretion. For example carbon dioxide and urea.
Ultrafiltration
This happens in the Bowmans capsule and is when the kidney filters small molecules like urea out of the blood and into the Bowmans Capsule.
Reabsorption
This happens in the proximal convoluted tubule and it is when the blood vessels reabsorb the glucose and amino acids than was filtrated in the Bowman’s capsule.
How does homeostasis control water potential?
With the help of the pituitary gland and its secretion of ADH which is a hormone that stimulates the aquaporins in the cell to either let in more water or let in less water.
What is a vector?
vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another. Mosquitos for example that spread malaria but don’t get it themselves.
What is a primer?
A primer is a short single strand of RNA or DNA (generally about 18-22 bases) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis.
PCR
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method widely used in molecular biology to make many copies of a specific DNA segment.
Restriction enzymes
Restriction enzymes can be extracted from bacteria and purified. By using a selected restriction enzyme, DNA molecules extracted from different organisms can be cut at predictable sites and made to produce lengths of DNA that contain specific genes.
How does homeostasis control temperature in the body?
This is called Thermoregulation. It involves both - nervous and endocrine system. Most of the heat in the body is produced by liver cells. the heat they produce is then distributed through the body by the blood. The hypothalamus is the central control of temperature.
Name some of the things that the body do when it’s too hot.
Vasodilation - arterioles in the skin dilate. Sweat glands secrete sweat.
Name some of the things that the body do when it’s too cold.
Vasoconstriction - arterioles in the skin contract. Shivering, hair on your body raises, adrenal glands secrete adrenaline.
CFTR
The CFTR gene provides instructions for making a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator.
Golden rice
A genetically modified variety of rice rich in the orange or red plant pigment beta-carotene, a substance important in the human diet as a precursor of vitamin A.
What happens in the Bowmans capsule?
In the Bowmans capsule the ultrafiltration happens, this means that the glomerulus filtrates different substances from the blood plasma into the Bowmans capsule and then the water moves along to the proximal convoluted tubule. The water is what helps move these substances.
