Homeostasis And Cell Transport

Question 1

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Answer 1

Diffusion

Question 2

This difference in the concentration of molecules across a distance

Answer 2

Concentration Gradient

Question 3

The concentration of molecules will be the same throughout the space the molecules occupy

Answer 3

Equilibrium

Question 4

The process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an are of lower concentration

Answer 4

Osmosis

Question 5

When the concentrations of solutes outside and inside the cell are equal, the outside solution is said to be what?

Answer 5

Isotonic

Question 6

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is lower than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution outside is what?

Answer 6

Hypotonic

Question 7

When the concentration of solute molecules outside the cell is higher than the concentration in the cytosol, the solution is said to be what?

Answer 7

Hypertonic

Question 8

The cell wall is strong enough to resist the pressure exerted by the water inside the expanding cell. The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall is called what?

Answer 8

Turbot pressure

Question 9

The contraction or shrinking of the cell membrane of a plant cell in a hypertonic solution in response to the loss of water by osmosis

Answer 9

Plasmoylysis

Question 10

This process is used for molecules that cannot readily diffuse through cell membranes even when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane.

Answer 10

Facilitated Diffusion

Question 11

In facilitated diffusion, the movement of these kinds of molecules across the cell membrane is assisted by specific proteins in the membrane.

Answer 11

Carrier Proteins

Question 12

A complex of protein molecules is a cell membrane that form a pore through which ions can pass

Answer 12

Ion channel

Question 13

A carrier protein that uses ATP to actively transport sodium ions out of a cell and potassium ions into the cell

Answer 13

Sodium-Potassium Pump

Question 14

The process by which cells ingest external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles, including other cells.

Answer 14

Endocytosis

Question 15

The pouch that pinches off from the cell membrane and becomes a membrane bound organelle is called what?

Answer 15

Vesicles

Question 16

A method of active transport across the cell membrane in which the cell takes in extra cellular fluids

Answer 16

Pinocygosis

Question 17

The movement of large particles or whole cells.

Answer 17

Phagoscytosis

Question 18

Allow lysosomes to fuse with the vesicles that contain the ingested bacteria and viruses.

Answer 18

Phagocytes

Question 19

The process by which a substance is released from the clear surface and then fuses with the membrane to let the substance out of the cell.

Answer 19

Exocytosis

Question 20

What’s the first step of how the Sodium Potassium Pump operates?

Answer 20

First, three Na+ ions bind to the carrier protein on the cytosol side of the membrane. At the same time, the carrier proteins removes a phosphate group from the ATP molecule binds to the carrier protein.

Question 21

What’s the second step of how the Sodium Potassium Pump operates?

Answer 21

The phosphate group from the ATP molecule binds to the carrier protein.

Question 22

What’s the third step on how the Sodium Potassium Pump operates?

Answer 22

Step three shows how the removal of the phosphate group from ATP supplies the energy needed to change the shape of the carrier protein. With its new shape, the protein carries the three Na+ ions through the membrane and then forces the Na+ ions outside its cell where the Na+ concentration must remain high.

Question 23

What’s the fourth step on how the Sodium Potassium Pump operates

Answer 23

At this point the carrier protein has the shape it needs to bind two k+ ions outside the cell.

Question 24

What’s the fifth step on how the Sodium Potassium Pump operates?

Answer 24

When the K+ ions bind, the phosphate group is released and the carrier protein restores its original shape.

Question 25

What’s the sixth and last step on how the Sodium Potassium Pump Operates

Answer 25

This time the change in shape causes the carrier protein to release the two k+ ions inside the cell. At this point the carrier protein is ready to begin this process again.