homeostasis and allostasis

Question 1

Homeostasis is

Answer 1

Maint int and ext conditions
All systems balanced (equilibrium)

Question 2

Allostasis is

Answer 2

Helps achieve homeostasis (adaptive change to maintain survival and well being)

Question 3

Allostatic load

Answer 3

Measure of physiological dysregulation bc chronic stress (bc excess secretion of hormones)

Question 4

Stress

Answer 4

Physical, chemical or emotional factor resulting in tension of body or mind (real or perceived)

Question 5

What are the 3 types of stresses?

Answer 5

Acute (1 and done)
Episoidic (on and off)
Chronic (long duration)

Question 6

Stress curve

Answer 6

Underload (too little stress) and overload (too much) performance dec
Optimal amt of stress (arousal)

Question 7

Eustress vs distress

Answer 7

Good stress vs bad

Question 8

What are the 2 forms of stress?

Answer 8

Eustress
Distress

Question 9

What are the levels of stress?

Answer 9

Hypostress
Hyperstress

Question 10

Stress response curve

Answer 10

Management will help inc perf

Question 11

T/F: complex tasks inc arousal

Answer 11

F, simple task —> inc attention —> inc arousal

Question 12

What are the 3 stages of GAS (General Adaptation Syndrome)?

Answer 12

Alarm
Resistance/adaptation
Exhaustion

Question 13

Which stage of GAS has fight-flight response due to stimulus?

Answer 13

Alarm (HPA, hypothalamic-pituitary,adrenal axis)

Question 14

Which stage of GAS does NS and endocrine sys return back to homeostasis?

Answer 14

Resistance/adaptation

Question 15

Which stage of GAS is “wear and tear”

Answer 15

Exhaustion (body unable to return to homeostasis)

Question 16

What are stressors?

Answer 16

Prod stress (+/-)

Question 17

What types of stresses are part of the human experience?

Answer 17

+ and tolerable stress

Question 18

What systems are involved in responding to stressors?

Answer 18

NS
Endocrine
Immune (lymphatic)

Question 19

What are 2 types of catecholamines?

Answer 19

Epi and norepi (hormones secreted by adrenal gland)

Question 20

Sympathico-adrenal system response mediates what type of response?

Answer 20

Fight-flight

Question 21

T/F: symp inc HR and BP, respiratory rate and bronchial dilation, glycogen to glucose conversion in the liver, pupil diameter, GI activity

Answer 21

F: dec GI activity

Question 22

Adrenal gland (cortex) secretes?

Answer 22

Cortisol and aldosterone

Question 23

SAM (sympathetic adrenomedullary axis) will release which hormones from medulla of adrenal gland?

Answer 23

Epi and norepi
(MEN AG)

Question 24

What do epic and norepi do?

Answer 24

Maint homeostasis

Question 25

Endorphins and enkephalins: ___ and ___

Answer 25

Raise pain threshold Prod sedation and euphoria

Question 26

Prolonged stress can ___ immune func

Answer 26

Suppress (immune cytokines)

Question 27

Neurohormonal mediators of stress and adaptation

Answer 27

Epi, norepi Adrenocortical steroids (cortisol, aldosterone) Endorphins, enkephalins, immune cytokines Sex hormones Growth hormone, prolactin, oxytocin