homeostasis Flashcards
explain the effect of sweating on the body
1 evaporation will , have a cooling effect /
reduce (body) temperature ;
2 heat , taken from / supplied by ,
the body / blood / skin , is ,
needed / used for , evaporation ;
3 idea that water has a high latent heat of ,
vaporisation / evaporation ;
suggest why shivering occurs during a fever
) idea that to increase body temperature as it is
lower than the ‘new’ set-point
(even though body is hot) ;
why is vasodilation at times dangerous
1 vasodilation results in more blood nearer to the
skin surface ;
2 idea that will lose (even) more heat /
further heat loss (from body) /
body temperature decreases further ;
3 (named) organ(s) will not be able to maintain ,
function / metabolism ;
State where the core body temperature is monitored.
(thermoregulatory centre in) hypothalamus
Name the type of sensory cell in the skin that detects changes in environmental temperature.
thermoreceptor / peripheral temperature receptor ;
Name the corrective homeostatic mechanism that works to restore any changes in body temperature to the normal range.
negative feedback / thermoregulation
Elephants have large, thin ears that they move backwards and forwards when hot.
large surface area (to lose heat) ;
(thin) so , blood flows / (named) blood vessel are ,
close to the (skin) surface (to lose heat) ;
(movement) increases air movement over , skin / surface
(to lose heat) ;
Penguins living in cold climates have ‘shunt’ blood vessels. These shunt vessels link arterioles carrying blood towards their feet with small veins that carry blood away from their feet.
blood loses less heat because ,
less blood flows to feet /
warm blood diverted from arterioles to veins
or
less blood flows to feet so core body temperature
maintained ;
Explain what is meant by the terms autotroph and heterotroph.
autotroph
can make ,
organic molecule(s) / named organic molecule(s) ,
from , inorganic molecule(s) / carbon dioxide ;
heterotroph
relies on / needs to use / has to obtain /
feeds on and digests ,
(named) organic molecules (that have been made
by another organism) ;
State precisely where the cells that detect a decrease in the water potential of the blood plasma are found.
((walls of) blood vessels in) hypothalamus ;
Name the cells that detect this decrease.
osmoreceptor(s) ;
animals that are able to regulate and maintain their core body temperature within narrow limits;
endotherm(s) ;
the increase in the diameter of the lumen of an arteriole to allow more blood to flow through.
(vaso)dilation ;
Name a hormone that increases the metabolic rate and so generates heat.
thyroxine / adrenaline;
Name the part of the brain where the thermoregulatory centre is located.
hypothalamus ;