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Science8 > Homeostasis > Flashcards

Homeostasis Flashcards

1
Q

Regulation

A

The process by which organisms control and coordinate life processes

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2
Q

Homeostasis

A

To maintain a balanced, stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment

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3
Q

Nervous System

Uses:

A

Cell communication
A faster method of communication (electrical impulses)
—>email

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4
Q

Endocrine System

Uses:

A

Cell communication
A slower method of communication (hormones)
—>regular/snail mail

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5
Q

The Nervous System:

Electrical Impulses

A

Go from one end of the neuron the other end (within the cell)

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6
Q

The Nervous System:

Neurons can send two types of messages

A

Electrical Impulses

Neurotransmitters

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7
Q

The Nervous System:

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messages that are sent from one neuron to the next (between the cells)

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8
Q

The Nervous System:

Neuron

A

Specialized cell that makes up the nervous system

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9
Q

The Nervous System:

Synapse

A

The gap between neurons and/or other cells

—> muscle cells

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10
Q

The Nervous System:

Communication Between Neurons

A

Nerve/electrical impulse enters the synaptic knob
The message from the impulse is brought to a neurotransmitter in the knob
The neurotransmitter the enters a synaptic gap
The neurotransmitter attaches to a receptor made from protein, which makes up the neuron

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11
Q

The Nervous System:

What might happen if a drug that is the same shape as the neurotransmitter?

A

The drug will fit the shape of the receptor and Bluff the receptor (so the neurotransmitter won’t be able to send the message)

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12
Q

The Endocrine System:

Role in Homeostasis

A

Glands make hormones that travel through the blood stream to a target tissue/organ/cell that causes a change.

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13
Q

The Endocrine System:

Purpose in Homeostasis

A

Glands:Organs make
Hormones:Chemical messages such as Insulin which are made of Proteins which travel through the
Blood:Exit out of the capillary (extremely small blood vessel with thin walls, which enables diffusion to
Target Tissue/Organ/Cell:Contains receptors and
Causes a Change:Activated or Inhibit

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14
Q

Where does insulin come from?

A

Pancreas

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15
Q

The Endocrine System:

If the endocrine gland represents the pancreas, then what is the hormone?

A

Insulin

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16
Q

Hormones and Target Cells

A

The hormone can only fit the receptor/target cell because the shape determines the function.

17
Q

Identify organic compound of which hormones and receptors are made.

A

Proteins

18
Q

Describe the relationship between hormones receptors

A

Hormones contain chemical messages in which the receptors received an act upon. They communicate or send messages are target cells, tissues, or organs.

19
Q

Homeostasis:

These three words mean the same thing

A

Homeostasis
Dynamic Equilibrium
Feedback

20
Q

Feedback Mechanisms:

Goal

A

Keep body conditions near normal, steady-state

21
Q

Feedback Mechanisms:

Thermoregulation

A

How the human body regulates body temperature:
Goal:Maintain an internal body temperature of 37°F
Shiver—>Too warm—>Sweat—>Too cold—>Restart

22
Q

Feedback Mechanisms:

Water Balance in Plants

A

Guard Cells:in plants
Goal: maintain H2O levels and maintain homeostasis
Plant will save water, plant loses CO2 (plant uses CO2 for photosynthesis—>Opens Guard Cells—> Plant loses H2O, plant gains CO2 (loses too much water) —>Closes Guard Cell—>Restarts

23
Q

Feedback Mechanisms:

Insulin

A

Hormone(protein)
Produced in pancreas
Lowers blood sugar(glucose)

24
Q

Feedback Mechanisms:

Regulates Glucose in the Blood

A

Goal:Maintain blood sugar levels

Release insulin—>Low glucose—>Stop insulin—>High glucose—>Restart

25
Q

What would happen if your body created too much insulin?

A

Your blood sugar levels would drop too much and become dangerously low. You would have little energy

26
Q

What would happen if your body created too little insulin?

A

Your blood sugar levels would be dangerously high.

27
Q

Diabetes

A

The pancreas is unable; blood sugar remains high

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