Homeostasis Flashcards
(27 cards)
Regulation
The process by which organisms control and coordinate life processes
Homeostasis
To maintain a balanced, stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment
Nervous System
Uses:
Cell communication
A faster method of communication (electrical impulses)
—>email
Endocrine System
Uses:
Cell communication
A slower method of communication (hormones)
—>regular/snail mail
The Nervous System:
Electrical Impulses
Go from one end of the neuron the other end (within the cell)
The Nervous System:
Neurons can send two types of messages
Electrical Impulses
Neurotransmitters
The Nervous System:
Neurotransmitters
Chemical messages that are sent from one neuron to the next (between the cells)
The Nervous System:
Neuron
Specialized cell that makes up the nervous system
The Nervous System:
Synapse
The gap between neurons and/or other cells
—> muscle cells
The Nervous System:
Communication Between Neurons
Nerve/electrical impulse enters the synaptic knob
The message from the impulse is brought to a neurotransmitter in the knob
The neurotransmitter the enters a synaptic gap
The neurotransmitter attaches to a receptor made from protein, which makes up the neuron
The Nervous System:
What might happen if a drug that is the same shape as the neurotransmitter?
The drug will fit the shape of the receptor and Bluff the receptor (so the neurotransmitter won’t be able to send the message)
The Endocrine System:
Role in Homeostasis
Glands make hormones that travel through the blood stream to a target tissue/organ/cell that causes a change.
The Endocrine System:
Purpose in Homeostasis
Glands:Organs make
Hormones:Chemical messages such as Insulin which are made of Proteins which travel through the
Blood:Exit out of the capillary (extremely small blood vessel with thin walls, which enables diffusion to
Target Tissue/Organ/Cell:Contains receptors and
Causes a Change:Activated or Inhibit
Where does insulin come from?
Pancreas
The Endocrine System:
If the endocrine gland represents the pancreas, then what is the hormone?
Insulin
Hormones and Target Cells
The hormone can only fit the receptor/target cell because the shape determines the function.
Identify organic compound of which hormones and receptors are made.
Proteins
Describe the relationship between hormones receptors
Hormones contain chemical messages in which the receptors received an act upon. They communicate or send messages are target cells, tissues, or organs.
Homeostasis:
These three words mean the same thing
Homeostasis
Dynamic Equilibrium
Feedback
Feedback Mechanisms:
Goal
Keep body conditions near normal, steady-state
Feedback Mechanisms:
Thermoregulation
How the human body regulates body temperature:
Goal:Maintain an internal body temperature of 37°F
Shiver—>Too warm—>Sweat—>Too cold—>Restart
Feedback Mechanisms:
Water Balance in Plants
Guard Cells:in plants
Goal: maintain H2O levels and maintain homeostasis
Plant will save water, plant loses CO2 (plant uses CO2 for photosynthesis—>Opens Guard Cells—> Plant loses H2O, plant gains CO2 (loses too much water) —>Closes Guard Cell—>Restarts
Feedback Mechanisms:
Insulin
Hormone(protein)
Produced in pancreas
Lowers blood sugar(glucose)
Feedback Mechanisms:
Regulates Glucose in the Blood
Goal:Maintain blood sugar levels
Release insulin—>Low glucose—>Stop insulin—>High glucose—>Restart
