Homeostasis Flashcards
What is homeostasis
Keeping your internal organs regulated
What does homeostasis maintain
Blood glucose concentration
Body temperature
Water levels
What does homeostasis maintain
Blood glucose concentration
Body temperature
Water levels
What happens when a blood glucose, water levels or body temperature is too low
-The change is detected by receptors
-Coordination centres process the information and organise a response
-effectors produce a response which will increase the level of the condition
What does the nervous system do
Detects stimuli from the external environment, transports the message around the body along neurones and coordinates behavioural changes in the body
What is stimuli
Changes in the environment
What is a synapses
Where two neurones join together and use chemicals to transfer the electrical nerve impulses across the gap between them
Why is it important that body temperature is maintained at 37 degrees
For the enzymes to work effectively
What does the body to regulate the temperature when it’s too hot
Sweat glands increase swear production which evaporates from the skin, transferring the heat energy into the environment
What are 2 things the body does to regulate temperature when it’s too low
Sweat glands stop producing sweat to minimise energy transfer to the environment
Hairs stand up on body to trap air that insulates the body
What are 3 examples of endocrine glands
Pituitary gland(master gland)
Thyroid
Pancreas
Extras- ovaries, testes and adrenal gland
State 2 differences between message transport by nerves and by hormones
Nerves transport information quicker than hormones
Hormones produce longer response, nerves produce short term response
What happens when blood glucose levels are too low
The pancreas releases glucagon which turns glycogen to glucose
What is type 1 diabetes and how can it be treated
When the pancreas produces very little insulin or non at all. This can be treated with regular insulin injections
What is type 2 diabetes and how can it be treated
When the pancreas releases insulin but the body cells no longer respond to it. This can be treated with a good diet and exercise
What does the pancreas do to stop blood glucose levels from becoming too high
Insulin is released into the bloodstream
How can contraceptive pills reduce the chance of pregnancy
They contain oestrogen and progesterone. These hormones inhibit the production of FSH
What are 4 issues associated with IVF fertility treatments
Low success rate
Success rate decreases with age of mother
Emotionally and physically stressful
Expensive
Which gland releases thyroxine and adrenaline
Thyroid gland and adrenal gland
How does adrenaline prepare the soft for fight or flight
Adrenaline triggers mechanisms that increase delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain and muscles, increases heart rate, increases breathing rate and increases break down of glycogen
This enables the body to respond quickly to the situation
What is thyroxine
A hormone that controls metabolism
