Homeostasis Flashcards
Insulin
Made by beta cells in the pancreas
Hormone that’s essential for allowing gluscoe to move from the blood into the cells.
pH
Potential hydrogen
A figure expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
7.35 - 7.45
1(acid) 7(neutral) 14(alkali)
Pancreas
Abdominal organ. Responsible for regulation blood sugar levels and creating insulin
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
The source of energy for use and storage at a cellular level.
Pituitary Gland
It creates many different hormones (oxytocin, growth hormone and ADH [anti diuretic hormone])in response to stimuli.
Located near the Hypothalamus and is the control centre in many feeback loops.
Positive feedback
The stimulus intensifies the response until an endpoint is reached.
Child birth
Blood clotting
Osmoregulation
The maintenance of constant osmotic pressure in the fluids of an organism by the control of water and salt concentrations.
Denatured
Loss of its 3D structure, accompanied by a loss of function.
Molecules like proteins and DNA depend on their structure to accomplish their function.
Biochemical processes
Chemical reactions which occur in living things.
Hypothalamus
Receives information from sensory receptors. Then uses this info to control and combine many basic physiological activities.
-temp regulations
-food & fluid intake
-sleep
Link between endocrine and nervous system via pituitary gland.
Glucagon
Hormone which promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
Formed in pancreas.
Plasma
A mixture of water and many other constituents, which carry blood cells and oxygen around the body.
Set point
The point which a variable physiological state tends to stabilize (body temp or weight).
Homeostasis
Receptor
An organ or cell able to respond to external stimulus and transmit a signal to a sensory nerve.
Neurosecretory
Nerve cells that produce hormones
Glucose
Simple monosaccharide sugar present in the blood.
Basic fuel of the body.
C6 H12 O6
Hormone
A biological compound used to organize, co-ordinate and control functions and cells and tussues.
Pathogens
Disease causing micro-organisms
Diabetes
Type 1 - condition where the pancreas doesn’t produce insulin.
Type 2 - the body doesn’t respond to insulin properly.
Physiology
The way in which a living organism or a body part functions.
Homeostasis
The physiological process by which internal systems of the body are maintained at equilibrium despite changes to the external environment.
Glycogen
A large, branched polysaccharide that is the main storgae form in animals/humans.
(C6 H10 O5)n
Negative feedback
Stimulus from one part of the body produces a response that reduces the original stimulus.
Osmosis
The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane along a concentration gradient.
Ambient
Relating to tye immediate surroundings of something
Metabolic
The release of energy from a food source.
Genetic
Relating to genes or heredity
Body systems (list)
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Urinary
- Lymphatic
- Endocrine
- Reproductive
- Integumentory
Control centre
Part of the body that responds to change and takes action.
Feedback loop
Allows a living organism to maintain homeostasis by amplifing or inhibiting the system.
Endocrine system
A collection of ductless glands that produce hormones and secrete them into the cariovascular system.
Interstitial fluid
Fluid found in the spaces around cells.
It helps bring O2 and nutrients to cells and to remove waste products.
It comes from substances that leak out of the blood.
Vitamins
An organic compound that is essential to normal cell growth and motabolism.
Nutrients
A chemical substance that provides nourishment and effects the nutrition and metabolic process of the body.
