Homeostasis Flashcards
What are the four internal conditions that need to be controlled
temperature
ion content
water content
blood glucose
Pituitary gland
- produces FSH LH TSH
- controls growth in children
- stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroxine to control the rate of metabolism
- in women it stimulates the ovaries to produce oestrogen
- in men it stimulates the secretion of testosterone
Thryoid
controls the metabolic rate of the body
pancreas
produces insulin and glucagon
controls the levels of blood glucose in the body
Adrenal gland
produces adrenaline
prepares the body for stressful situations
ovaries
produce progesterone and oestrogen
controls the development of female secondary secual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle
Testes
controls the development of the male secondary sex characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm
What are the target areas of adrenaline
heart = increased rate of contractions
muscles = increased rate of blood flow to major muscles and limbs instead of digestive system
liver = stimulates breakdown of glycogen into glucose for respiration
pupils = let in more light
What does the frontal lobe do
responsible for, personality, emotions, problem solving and reasoning
what does the parietal lobe do
sensory stuff
what does the temporal lobe do?
responsible for hearing, language and speech
what does the occipital lobe do
vision
Cerebellum
balance and coordination
medualla oblongata
basic bodily functions
what is myopia
light is focused in front of the retina
close objects are focused and far ones are blurry
eyes are too long
lens over converges light rays
concave lens is needed
hyperopia
light is focused behind the retina
close objects are blurry, far ones are in focus
eyes are too short
loss of elasticity in the lens meaning it cant become thick enough to refract
convex lens is needed
What does FSH do
causes the eggs in the ovary to mature
what does LH do
stimulates the release of the egg at ovulation
what does oestrogen and progesterone do
control the build up and the maintenance of the uterus lining
what does the pill do
releases progesterone which stops the FSH and maturing of the eggs
hormone and non barrier
what does the implant do
releases progesterone
hormone and non barrier and medical procedure
condoms
prevent sperm reaching the gg
barrier method
IUD
prevents implantation of egg
medical procedure
spermicidal agent
kills / disables sperm
chemical
surgical methods of sterilisation
ties the fallopian tubes
medical procedure
abstinence
track when you are ovulating
pros and cons of the pill
pro = simple and effective
con = mood changes and breaks may be needed from it
implants
don’t have to remember anything and very efffective
minor surgery you can’t change it quickly
condoms
prevents STD’s
can split
spermicidal agents
pro = lubricant
cons = not very effective
ssurgical methods of sterilisation
pro = effective
con = risk of permanent closure and a major surgical procedure
abstinence
pro = don’t need to take any chemicals or have a medical procedure
con = not effective
pros and cons of IVF
pro = babies
con = 35% successful
very expensive
stress for the couple
low success rates
risks of multiple births
what are some moral issues with IVF
unsused embryos are incinerates, used for research or frozen and some people think that they are alive
embryos can’t be stored forever
the use of sperm after the death of a partner, if a woman dies a man can use his sperm to make a baby
