Homeostasis Flashcards
What do negative feedback systems do?
Reverse the initial stimulus(reverse what happens)
What does a positive feedback system do?
A change is detected and the effectors reinforce the positive change
What is thermoregulation?
Maintaining optimum body temperature
Differences between ectotherms and endotherms
Ecto: cold-blooded, temp dependent on environment, have strategies to cool down
Endo: warm-blooded, metabolic processes maintain temp
What do ectotherms do to maintain temp?
Lie in the Sun, adapt to a darker colour, change posture, press against the ground, seek shade, move to water
What detects the temp of the blood?
Hypothalamus
What is vasodilation?
Arterioles expand to allow more blood closer to the skin to warm up
What is vasoconstriction?
Arterioles near the surface constrict so little blood is near the surface to cool down
What do mammals excrete?
Carbon dioxide
Bile pigments
Nitrogenous waste
How does oxygenated blood get to the liver?
Hepatic artery
What does the hepatic vein do?
Removes blood from liver and returns it to the heart
What is the hepatic portal vein?
Supplies more blood to the liver
What do Kupffer cells do?
Ingest foreign particles and help protect against disease
What does the liver do?
Carbohydrate metabolism
Deamination of excess amino acids
Detoxification
What are the 3 areas of the kidney
Cortex
Pelvis
Medulla
