Homeostasis

Question 1

What does homeostasis do?

Answer 1

regulates the body/organisms

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

Central nervous system
- brain
- spinal cord

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

Peripheral nervous system
- cranial nerves
- takes signals from the CNS

Question 4

What happens when a stimuli is detected?

Answer 4

Stimuli —> receptor —> Sensory Neurone —-> Motor Neurone (Effector)

Question 5

What does a neurone contain?

Answer 5

Axon - body of the neurone
Hairs - connect to other neurones
Myelin Sheath - speeds up signal transmits

Question 6

What’s a synapse?

Answer 6

The gap between neurones

Question 7

What’s a neurotransmitter?

Answer 7

A chemical that transports the signal between neurones

Question 8

What’s a reflex?

Answer 8

reaction that bypasses the brain - unconscious

Question 9

Reaction time test:

Answer 9

1. Place index finger and thumb under a ruler
2. Drop ruler randomly and person will grab to their reaction time
3. The smaller the measurement the faster the reaction time (vise versa)
4. Repeat with different stimuli to see if it can affect someone’s reaction time

Question 10

What does the Cerebral cortex control?

Answer 10

most motor functions in brain

Question 11

What does the Cerebrum control?

Answer 11

motor (movement) functions

Question 12

What does the medulla control?

Answer 12

Reflex actions
(E.g breathing, blinking etc.)

Question 13

CT and MRI scans

Answer 13

CT - expensive
MRI - safer and cheaper

Question 14

Parts of the eye:

Answer 14

Cornea (front of eye)
Iris (muscles controlling size of pupil)
Retina (contains Rods and Cones)
Optic Nerve (transports electrical signals to brain)

Question 15

What’s the endocrine system?

Answer 15

Glands an Hormones that affect body functions

Question 16

Pituitary gland

Answer 16

‘Main gland’ - in the brain
Produces hormones that tell other glands to secretate their hormones

Question 17

Glands in the body

Answer 17

Thyroid gland = control temp, heart rate, metabolism
Pancrease = produces insulin
Ovaries = female, eggs
Testis = male, sperm
Adrenal gland = produces Adrenalin

Question 18

What is diabetes?

Answer 18

When someone’s pancrease doesn’t produces enough (or no) insulin.

Question 19

What happens when blood sugar is too high?

Answer 19

converts glucose into glycogen that stores the energy rather than using it, and using it later

Question 20

FSH

Answer 20

Follicle stimulating hormone
Made in Pituitary gland that then passes to ovaries to produce oestrogen

Question 21

What is oestrogen?

Answer 21

Chemical that allows eggs to mature

Question 22

LH

Answer 22

Lutenising hormone
Inhibits FSH which stimulates egg release

Question 23

What does progesterone do?

Answer 23

inhibits FSH and LH

Question 24

Menstrual cycle:

Answer 24

Uterus lining sheds —> Ovulation —> linking thickens
(Repeats)

Question 25

What is Thermoregulation?

Answer 25

regulation body temperature

Question 26

What happens if body temp is too high?

Answer 26

enzymes denature
Active site lowers

Question 27

How does the body regulate?

Answer 27

Sweating (to cool down)
Skin hairs (stand up - trapping air to keep warm)
Blood vessels widen (closer to skin realeaisng more heat - cooling down)

Question 28

Kidney controls?

Answer 28

Water levels
Removes urea

Question 29

Examples of contraception

Answer 29

Pill
Patch
Implant

Question 30

Fertility treatments

Answer 30

Artificial insamination
Impact egg treatment
Surrogacy
FSH/LH treatment
Egg donation
Ovary transplant

Question 31

What is phototropism?

Answer 31

plant stems growing towards light

Question 32

What is geotropism?

Answer 32

Plant roots growing towards ground

Question 33

What is Auxin?

Answer 33

plant hormone that promotes plant growth
Made in roots of plant
Can be used as a weed killer

Question 34

What doe Ethene do to plants?

Answer 34

helps ripen fruit

Question 35

What does berelines do for plants?

Answer 35

Promotes flowering / fruit size