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Other Construction > Home Lighting > Flashcards

Home Lighting Flashcards

1
Q

What are low levels of light associated with?

A

Relaxed, Intimate, Personal environments. These levels encourage lingering and relaxation.

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2
Q

What are high levels of light associated with?

A

Sterile, Public, Active, Kinetic. These levels stimulate activity and Movement.

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3
Q

What are warm lighting colors and what do they Illicit?

A

Yellows and Reds, they tend to illicit calm, and relaxation and a slower pace of action.

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4
Q

What are cool colors and what do they illicit?

A

Blues and Greens, they tend to illicit activity and alertness.

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5
Q

What are distinctly saturated colors used for?

A

To create visual interest and a unique emotional experience.

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6
Q

What are the two types of light textures?

A

Directional and Diffuse

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7
Q

What does Directional light look like?

A

A harsh light that is the product of luminaires that utilize precision reflectors and lenses that deliver light in a specific direction. (Think of a directed spot light.)

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8
Q

What does Diffuse light look like?

A

Soft and even light that is often the product of luminaires that incorporate diffusing materials. (Think of a glowing globe.)

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9
Q

Where is the significant difference found in Diffuse and Directional light?

A

In the shadows and shapes of light created by these sources.
Diffuse sources produce light that overlaps to fill in shadows and has ill-defined borders as the light sprawls from the source. (No shadows)
Directional sources create distinct shapes of light with clear boundaries. This generally results in harsh shadows and contrast as that light is either delivered or blocked completely by objects and material textures.

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10
Q

What are the four important relationships between light and human color vision?

A
  1. Adaptation: Adapting to bright or dark situations
  2. Brightness: Contrast between surfaces and their surroundings.
  3. Phototropism: Attraction to lighted surfaces and objects
  4. Vertical Vision: Tendency to look around us rather above or below
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11
Q

Would applying light vertically or horizontally have a higher perception of brightness.

A

Vertically

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12
Q

What is the two step procedure for lighting design?

A
  1. Light specifics first.
  2. Augmenting the ambience
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13
Q

How do you light specifics? Explain.

A

Identify the tasks, accents and local visual effects that are integral to the design, basically the objects that are the focus of the room.
Visualize yourself “painting” light on these surfaces. Where could you put a wall light or ceiling light that would light up these objects well.

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14
Q

How do you augment the ambience?

A

After the specific surfaces have been lit up, you can decide if your space needs more supplemental lighting. If you want more overall perception of brightness you must put light onto the vertical surfaces to achieve a different spatial ambience.

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15
Q

How do we discern detail?

A

By contrasting the light between the object or surface and another. A statue that is twice as bright as the wall behind it will grab your attention regardless of the actual brightness level. This means you want to try and avoid flooding an area with light.
Not by how much light is on an object.

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16
Q

What is the five layer approach to layering light?

A
  1. Lighting to choreograph an experience
  2. Lighting to define mood and ambience
  3. Lighting to accent objects
  4. Lighting to reveal architecture and shape space
  5. Lighting for tasks:
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17
Q

Explain how lighting is used to choreograph an experience.

A

Use light to create goals, paths and destinations to encourage flow and movement.
We are instinctually drawn to bright surfaces and objects. This makes people subconsciously want to move towards a specific area just by placing light in that area. You can illuminate an entire path or a simple object.

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18
Q

Explain how lighting is used to define mood and ambience

A

Add intensity, color and texture to elicit emotion and encourage a specific use in a space.

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19
Q

Explain how lighting is used to accent objects

A

Create light that draws attention and encourages interaction by making interesting objects stand out more.

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20
Q

Explain how lighting is used to reveal architecture and shape space

A

Apply light to the features and details of a space to enhance spatial effects and reveal the mechanics of structure and form.

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21
Q

Explain how lighting is used for tasks.

A

Apply a light to task areas to accommodate the basic functions of space.

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22
Q

Light is a member of what large family of physical phenomenon?

A

Electromagnetic radiation

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23
Q

What is Radiation essentially?

A

Power, it has no mass, color, taste, or smell.

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24
Q

How fast does radiation move?

A

At the speed of light

25
Q

What is the difference between forms of radiation?

A

How fast it vibrates while it travels.

26
Q

How are radiation vibrations measured?

A

Through the wavelength, peak to peak or trough to trough. Typically, the difference is in nanometers.

27
Q

List the complete electromagnetic radiation spectrum from least to greatest.

A
  1. Gamma Rays (10^-11)
  2. X-Rays (10^-8-10^-7)
  3. Ultraviolet light
  4. Visible light
  5. Infrared light
  6. Microwaves
  7. Radio waves
  8. Powerline Emissions
28
Q

What is the limit of human vision in terms of these waves?

A

We can generally detect radiation with wavelengths as short as 380 nanometers and wavelengths as long as 7870 nanometers.

29
Q

List the articulation of wavelengths that constitute the visible spectrum from shortest wavelength to greatest.

A
  1. Violet
  2. Blue
  3. Green
  4. Yellow
  5. Orange
  6. Red
30
Q

In what three ways does the radiation that reaches Earth interact with us.

A
  1. Radiation can be “reflected” or bounce off of a surface
  2. Radiation can be absorbed by a surface
  3. Radiation can “transmit” or pass through a surface.
31
Q

What is “light?” technically.

A

The name for a group of specific wavelengths of radiation that happen to be detected by our eyes.

32
Q

What is color? and is it a property of an object?

A

It is our brain’s translation of the radiation being reflected from an object to our eyes, it is therefore not a property of an object.

33
Q

What is “Illuminance?”

A

An expression of the quantity of light falling onto or striking an object. “On to”

34
Q

What is “Exitance?”

A

An expression of the total quantity of light leaving a surface. “Off of”

35
Q

What is “Luminance?”

A

The phenomena of light leaving a surface at a specific density in a specific direction. “Coming from”

36
Q

How long can dark adaptation take?

A

It usually takes a few minutes to occur.

36
Q

How long can dark adaptation take?

A

It usually takes a few minutes to occur.

37
Q

What is the problem with white light?

A

When viewed directly it renders the colors fairly neutral.

38
Q

Why do we see the inverse of a color when we stare at it for too long?

A

We exhaust the supply of photopigments and the cones can no longer “vote”, this is known as bleaching.

39
Q

What makes a diffuse light a diffuse light?

A

It gives off light evenly in all directions.

40
Q

How can you diffuse a light even further?

A

Put diffusing lenses like frosted glass and acrylic on the light sources like in the case of decorative pendants and sconces.

41
Q

What are some benefits of diffuse light?

A

It can eliminate eye strain due to no shadows. This gives long term comfort and makes it helpful for task environments.

42
Q

What are the cons of diffuse light?

A

Used by itself it makes the area uninteresting, there is little visual interest to direct the order that you experience in a space.

43
Q

How is a directional light made?

A

It is made with reflectors that push the light out in a single direction.

44
Q

What are the benefits of directional light?

A

It adds visual interest by making objects glow and making metals shimmer and sparkle.

45
Q

What are the cons of directional light?

A

It can make the eye uncomfortable over long periods of time due to readapting to darkness and brightness constantly.

46
Q

What’s an example of a very directional light?

A

Reflector driven lamps like halogen MR lamps that have precision engineered reflectors that drive light out.
It can also be created with accent luminaires that have precise reflectors around a small halogen or HID source.

this light is comparable to the harshness of sunlight

47
Q

What’s and example of a Directional Light?

A

Slightly softer directional light can be made with PAR type lamps. These also have a reflector but they also have diffusing lenses and less precise optics to create a more diffusing quality.
You can create this type of effect by putting diffusing filters in front of MR lamps.
Good for architectural features, gathering areas and highlighting art, sometimes tasks as well

48
Q

What’s an example of Diffuse light?

A

By taking an otherwise diffuse incandescent lamp or fluorescent lamp and build a large reflector around it, the product is a subtle wash or pool off slightly diffuse light.
Good for gathering areas and tasks

49
Q

What’s and example of Very Diffuse light?

A

Consider glowing sources that put out light in every direction and often include diffusing materials to encourage the spread of light. Bare incandescent and fluorescent lamps generate this light.
This can also be created by using shaded table lamps, floor lamps, diffusing pendants and sconces.

50
Q

What are the three categories of light shapes?

A
  1. Pools of light
  2. Planes of light
  3. Glowing objects
51
Q

What can be a problem with glowing sources of light?

A

They overpower a space and become a source of glare.

52
Q

What are 7 good alternative to flooding the room with light?

A
  1. Lighting the walls from the ceiling
  2. Lighting from the ground upward
  3. Lighting from the wall upward.
  4. Lighting from the wall back onto the wall
  5. Light from slots and coves onto walls and ceilings
  6. Suspended glowing sources
  7. Low lighting onto the floor
53
Q

What should the 5 step procedure be or solving light problems?

A
  1. Think spatially and see the room as a collection of surfaces
  2. Identify specific objects first and visualize light on those specifics
  3. Consider the five layers of light (Choreography, mood, accenting, architecture and tasks.)
  4. Consider the controllable aspects of light (intensity, color, texture.)
  5. Consider all of the ways we can deliver the light we are after.
54
Q

What are the two main things every light designer should be able to do?

A
  1. Be able to visualize lighting effects
  2. Be able to communicate and describe the light that the/she desires.
    This is why standard lighting vocabulary is significant
55
Q

True or False. “Light a wall and light an object” is a basic concept that can be used in the simplest of spaces.

A

True

56
Q

Light directed downwards an create what kind of effect?

A

A cave-like effect

57
Q

How do you make a corridor attractive and functional?

A

A lighted goal and a lighted surface. Light the wall, consider a linear line of light. Also light the ends of the hallway.
Consider also doing wall to floor lights along where you are walking.

58
Q

What do people generally feel when the ceiling is lit up from the floor?

A

They generally feel safer and the space feels expanded, this also lends a sense of lightness to an environment. This is turn has a dramatic effect with little light used.

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