Holozoic nutrition in humans Flashcards
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What is the digestive system called in Humans?
Alimentary canal…
What are the two openings of humans?
Mouth, anus
name at least 4 glands in the digestive system.
liver, intestinal glands, salivary glands, pancreas
name all the organs of the digestive system in order.
mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine rectum, anus…
The mouth is also known by this name.
buccal cavity…
What are the three organs/glands which help in ingestion?
teeth, tongue, salivary glands…
how many types of teeth are there according to age
milk teeth and permanent teeth…
when do milk teeth start to appear?
7 months…
total number of milk teeth.
20
total number of permanent teeth.
20+8
What is the arrangement of teeth in the buccal cavity?
I=4/4
C=2/2
Pm=4/4
M=6/6
Function of incisors
To cut the food
function of molars
to gring and chew the food
what is the the function of the tongue?
-to mix the food with the saliva.
-to taste the food.
-pushing the food into the food pipe.
where is the tongue present?
it is attached to the floor of the buccal cavity…
What is present on the tongue?
taste buds…
how many pairs of salivary glands are present?
3
what does salivary glands produce
It produces saliva which is a digestive juice…
What are the components of saliva?
Water+s.amylase
s=salivary.
% of starch digestion occurs in the buccal cavity.
70%
saliva make the food______.
moist
What is the product of the undigested food in the buccal cavity?
bolos
oesophagus is also known as__________.
foodpipe
What is the material os oesophagus and its length?
muscular organ, a foot long.
food pipe connects ________.
stomach.
What is the movement in the food pipe? mention its definition.
peristalsis,
is the continually contraction & relaxation of the oesophagus muscles which push the bolos to the stomach.
What is epiglottis.
It is the muscular flap which prevents the food going into the wind pipe…
Basic definition of the stomach.
It is the a muscular bag lor sack like structure resembling like the letter ‘J’
What is the tree layers of the stomach?
muscular , mucosa , gastric glands.
What happens in the stomach while digestion?
(difficult) most difficult.
-muscular wall contracts & relaxes to mix the bolos with gastric juice. this is the churning of food.
-mucosa secrets a sticky substance = mucus which prevents the direct contact of gastric juice with the muscular wall.
-gastric gland constitutes the inner layer, secrets a digestive juice known as gastric juice. this contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin.
use of hydrochloric acid in stomach?
- to kill the bacteria
2.to make acidic nature for pepsin to act on food.
What is pepsin?
Helps in breaking down complex protein into simpler amion acids
Three parts of small intestine are _____,_________,_____
duodenum , Jejunum eleum
duodenum helps in digestion of__________nutrients.
macro
Explain what happen in the Ileum
place where digested food gets absorbed.
What is villi?
finger like projections in the Ileum, which is covered in blood cappillaries
large intestine helps in the formation of _________.
mention large intestine function?
stools
helps in the absorption of water vitamins and minerals
length of the large intestine
1.5 meter
