Holocaust timeline Flashcards
When was Dachau concentration camp opened?
1933 - Dachau concentration camp opens
What concentration camp opened in 1933?
1933 - Dachau concentration camp opens
When did Germany begin a boycott of Jewish shops and businesses?
1933 - Boycott of Jewish shops and businesses in Germany
What job positions were Jews barred from holding, as of 1933?
1933 - Laws for Re-establishment of the Civil Service barred Jews from holding civil service, university, and state positions
What were the Nuremberg laws?
1935 - “Nuremberg Laws”: Anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans, nor could they fly the German flag
What famous anti-Jewish racial laws were enacted in Germany in 1935, and what were they called?
1935 - “Nuremberg Laws”: Anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans, nor could they fly the German flag
When were German Jews stripped of their right to be considered German citizens, could marry Aryans, nor fly the German flag?
1935 - “Nuremberg Laws”: Anti-Jewish racial laws enacted; Jews no longer considered German citizens; Jews could not marry Aryans, nor could they fly the German flag
Who is a ‘Jew’ according to the German definition of 1935?
1935 - Germany defines a “Jew”: Anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew
When and by what state was the following definition of a ‘Jew’ created? - Anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew
1935 - Germany defines a “Jew”: Anyone with three Jewish grandparents; someone with two Jewish grandparents who identifies as a Jew
What was the Anschluss?
1938 - Anschluss (incorporation of Austria into Germany): All anti-Semitic decrees immediately applied in Austria
Regarding WWII, what was Germany’s incorporation of Austria called?
1938 - Anschluss (incorporation of Austria into Germany): All anti-Semitic decrees immediately applied in Austria
Regarding the Holocaust, what key role did Adolf Eichmann play in Vienna during 1938?
1938 - Adolf Eichmann establishes the Office of Jewish Emigration in Vienna to increase the pace of forced emigration
Regarding the Holocaust, what was established in Vienna in 1938?
1938 - Adolf Eichmann establishes the Office of Jewish Emigration in Vienna to increase the pace of forced emigration
When did Adolf Eichmann establish the office of Jewish Emigration?
1938 - Adolf Eichmann establishes the Office of Jewish Emigration in Vienna to increase the pace of forced emigration
What did Germany mark Jewish passports in Switzerland with, and for what purpose?
1938 - Following a request by Swiss authorities, Germans mark all Jewish passports with a large letter “J” to restrict Jews from immigrating to Switzerland
Regarding the Holocaust, when were Jews restricted from immigrating to Switzerland?
1938 - Following request by Swiss authorities, Germans mark all Jewish passports with a large letter “J” to restrict Jews from immigrating to Switzerland
What was Kristallnacht?
November 9-10, 1938 - Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): Anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen)
Which historical event was called the ‘Night of Broken Glass’?
November 9-10, 1938 - Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): Anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen)
Regarding the Holocaust, what disastrous event took place on the night between Nov 9-10, 1938?
November 9-10, 1938 - Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): Anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen)
What were the three central harms against Jews that took place on Kristallnacht?
November 9-10, 1938 - Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): Anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen)
In which countries did Kristallnacht take place?
November 9-10, 1938 - Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass): Anti-Jewish pogrom in Germany, Austria, and the Sudetenland; 200 synagogues destroyed; 7,500 Jewish shops looted; 30,000 male Jews sent to concentration camps (Dachau, Buchenwald, Sachsenhausen)
In the course of the Holocaust, when were all Jewish pupils expelled from German schools?
1938 - All Jewish pupils expelled from German schools
What happened in Germany in the school system with respect to Jews in 1938?
1938 - All Jewish pupils expelled from German schools
What was the sum of the fine levied against German Jews for the destruction of property during Kristallnacht?
One billion mark fine levied against German Jews for the destruction of property during Kristallnacht
Who was expected to pay for the damage done to property during Kristallnacht?
One billion mark fine levied against German Jews for the destruction of property during Kristallnacht
What were Jews forced to wear in Poland after it was invaded by Germany in 1939?
1939 - Jews in German-occupied Poland forced to wear an arm band or yellow star
Regarding the Holocaust - what tragic event happened in Babi Yar?
1941 - 34,000 Jews massacred by Einsatzgruppen at Babi Yar outside Kiev
Regarding the Holocaust, what famous tragic event took place outside of Kiev in September, 1941?
1941 - 34,000 Jews massacred by Einsatzgruppen at Babi Yar outside Kiev
How many Jews were massacred at Babi Yar?
34,000 Jews massacred by Einsatzgruppen at Babi Yar outside Kiev
What was the Wannsee Conference?
1942 - Wannsee Conference in Berlin: Plan is developed for “Final Solution” - the Nazi plan to send all European Jews to concentration camps where they would be put to death by gas chambers.
What was the ‘Final Solution’?
1942 - Wannsee Conference in Berlin: Plan is developed for “Final Solution” - the Nazi plan to send all European Jews to concentration camps where they would be put to death by gas chambers.
When did the Warsaw Ghetto revolt begin?
1943 - Warsaw Ghetto revolt begins
What important event took place in Warsaw in April, 1943?
1943 - Warsaw Ghetto revolt begins
What Jewish revolt took place on October, 1944?
October, 1944 - Revolt by inmates at Auschwitz; one crematorium blown up
When did a Jewish inmate revolt take place at Auschwitz, and what did they do?
October, 1944 - Revolt by inmates at Auschwitz; one crematorium blown up
Regarding the Holocaust - when did the death marches begin?
January, 1945 - Evacuation of Auschwitz; beginning of death marches
Regarding the Holocaust - when was Auschwitz evacuated?
January, 1945 - Evacuation of Auschwitz; beginning of death marches
When was Bergen Belsen liberated by the British Army?
April, 1945 - Liberation of Bergen Belsen by the British Army
