Holocaust Flashcards
What event led to Kaiser Wilhelm II’s abdication?
The loss of military support and a revolution in Germany
What did the Treaty of Versailles lead to regarding German politicians?
They were blamed as ‘November criminals’ by the German people
What were common early problems in Germany following WWI?
- Street violence
- Political party fights
- Economic strain and hyperinflation
- Unemployment
What significant event did Hitler attempt in November 1923?
A coup to overthrow the Weimar government, known as the Beer Hall Putsch
Define nationalism.
The belief that your country is superior, without question or doubt
Define antisemitism.
Hostility to or prejudice against Jews
What significant event occurred in 63 BCE concerning the Jews?
The Romans conquered Jerusalem
What false myth about Jews emerged during the Middle Ages?
Jews were accused of causing the Black Death
What did Wilhelm Marr promote in 1878?
The idea that Jews were a separate and dangerous race, coining the term ‘Anti-semitism’
What was the overarching goal of Nazi propaganda?
To reinforce the ideology of National Socialism
What types of media were used for Nazi propaganda?
- Posters
- Radios
- Newspapers
- Art
- Public speeches
- Hitler Youth
What were the Nuremberg Laws?
Laws that defined Jewish identity based on ancestry and restricted their rights
According to the Nuremberg Laws, who was considered Jewish?
A person with three or four Jewish grandparents
What was a consequence of the Nuremberg Laws?
Legalized segregation and persecution of Jews
Why didn’t many Jews leave Germany during the rise of the Nazis?
Economic and emotional factors, including lack of resources and uncertainty
What triggered Kristallnacht?
The assassination of Ernst vom Rath by Hershel Grynszpan
What occurred during Kristallnacht?
Nazi-organized pogroms targeting Jews across Germany
How many Jews were killed during Kristallnacht?
91 Jews
What was the initial Nazi idea for dealing with the Jewish population?
Forced emigration
What was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?
An armed resistance by Jews against deportation in 1943
What was decided at the Wannsee Conference in January 1942?
To implement the Final Solution, switching to mass gassings
What were the conditions like in concentration camps?
- Overcrowding
- Unsanitary conditions
- Forced labor
- Starvation
- Abuse and brutality
What percentage of Jewish survivors were saved by non-Jewish individuals?
Only 5-10%
What did some people do in response to the Holocaust?
- Resisted and helped victims
- Supported Nazis
- Ignored or cooperated with atrocities
