Holocaust Flashcards
Definition of the holocaust
The killing of 6 million Jews between
When do schools consider the beginning of Holocaust
1941- first planned killing
Leon Greenman
Born in east London in 1910 and got married 1935 and lived peacefully in the Netherlands until 1942.
He tried to save his family from Auschwitz but he was the only one to survive and by pure chance after his wife and child were killed in the gas chambers.
Antisemetism
The discrimination against Jews
Genocide
Genos (race/tribe) cide (latin for kill)
No of Jews who lived in Poland
3 million Jews in Poland- most spoke Yiddish
when did Wilhem Marr claim Jews as a race not a religion
1879
What is the main cause of antisemitism
Christians blames jews for Christ’s crucifixion
Political stimuli of antisemitism
Russian revolution was rumored to be started by communists who were considered Jews
earliest record of antisemitism
On a tax collection document. It depicts Isaac Lunet and his wife wife as they were wealthy tax collectors eventhough Jews were taxed more heavily
England’s largest Antisemitist attack
1190CE- 150 Jews were locked up and killed
How did the Nazis appeal to different demographics
Rich people- not communist
Nationalists- Make Germany great again
Poor people- Germans get benefits
What was the fruher meant to represent
The people and their ideologies
When were Jewish kids no longer able to go to school
june 1942
What was the purpose of Laws in Nazi Germany
To isolate Jewish people so it would be easier to dehumanise and slaughter them
Nuremberg Laws
1)The Reich Citizenship Law required that all citizens have German “blood.” As a result, Jews and others lost their rights to citizenship, which not only stripped them of the right to vote but also made them stateless.
2)The second law was called the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor, which meant that Jews couldn’t integrate or marry Germans
Who was Chaim Rumkowski
He was a leader of a Jewish ghetto (Lodz ghetto) who had to give 20,000 Jews to the Nazis- gave mostly children
Zionists
Jew who wanted to move to Palestein
Kristallnacht
9-10th November 1938- Led to the destruction of many Jewish properties and it was the first time that there was organised violence of such a scale against Jews
Fire Brigade only doused non Jewish property
Countries occupied by Germany and anti semitism there
Netherlands- Captured May 1941 deportation in Feb 1942
France- Defeated in June 1940 and Antisemitic laws in 1941
Denmark- Safe cuz second only to Ayarn
Hungary- joined axis in 1940 Jews forced to work manual labour camps and fight in war(tried protecting Jews in 1943 for a year)
What were ghettos
They were a temporary solution to the “Jewish problem” secluded bits of cities where Jews were forced to move to
Amidah
Standing up against
Types of resistance
Spiritual
Physical
ect..
Warsaw Ghetto uprising
1943 (19th April lasted 27 days)- Was the first large scale uprising from the ghettos and paved the way for many more
About 700 young Jewish fighters participated in what became known as the Warsaw ghetto uprising
Set up fighters with primitive weapons and Molotov cocktails
Wilhem Hosenfeld
helped Jewish man escape- gave him supplies and asked
his name and he echoed the sentiment of how awful it was
Babin Ya
the massacre of around 33,771 Jews suspected to be communists - marked the start of the Holocaust by bullets
The Holocaust by bullets
killed 2.2 million Jews
Shows how heavily implanted the mindset of antisemitism was ingrained
The Wannsee Conference
20th Jan 1942- The 5 leading Nazis finalised the final solution
Common themes from liberated Jews
Many looked like death and Children were desensitized
Calling it “a vision of hell” many died from over doing nutrients after liberated
Liberation of main camps
Auschwitz 27th Jan 1945 (USSR)
Bergen Belsen- 15th April 1945
