Holistic Impacts on Spiritual Variable U8

Question 1

What is apart of the spiritual variable?

Answer 1

• Purpose and Meaning*
• Interconnectedness*
• Faith*
• Religion*
• Forgiveness
• Creativity
• Transcendence*

Question 2

What is spirituality?

Answer 2

It has NO standardized definition.
It can be defined as the personal quest for understanding answers to ultimate questions about life, meaning, and about relationship to the sacred or transcendent, which may lead to or arise from the development of religious rituals and the formation of community
- The words sacred, purpose, and process are common themes across the definition of spirituality

Question 3

What is the connection between spirituality and health?

Answer 3

• Research supports that spirituality is correlated to reduced substance use, suicide attempts, depression, and hospitalizations, as well as being an important factor in coping with illness***
• Engagement in spiritual practices contributed to reduced pain, healing time, and enhanced the quality of life during illness

Question 4

What is the connection between trauma and meaning?

Answer 4

Trauma can be explained as a disruption in and disconnection from core beliefs about life and the self.
Disruption of core beliefs about the world, one’s purpose and meaning, as well as religious beliefs can be influenced by trauma*
- Disruption can be thinking people are good or the world is safe until it isn’t (about the world)
- Disruption can be being a mother and losing the child (about one’s purpose and meaning)
- Disruption can believing that God will protect me and he might not (about religious beliefs)
Spiritual beliefs play an important role in how humans make sense of life events and cope with challenging situations*

Question 5

Findings from Harper & Pargament; Positive religious/spiritual coping methods:

Answer 5

Positive spiritual coping methods reflect a secure connection with the divine, oneself, and others
1. Finding meaning
2. Gaining mastery and control
3. Increasing comfort and closeness to God
4. Enhancing intimacy with others and closeness to God
5. Achieving life transformation
The pathway of healing is unique, and is influenced by a variety of personal and situational factors

Question 6

Findings from Harper & Pargament; Negative religious/spiritual coping methods:

Answer 6

Negative spiritual coping methods are associated with conflicts with the divine, oneself, and others about sacred matters.
- Difficulty in the 5 realms has been shown to lead to intensified problems and greater negative post traumatic outcomes*
- These coping methods can occur in varying degrees over the course of the trauma recovery process

Question 7

What is resilience?

Answer 7

It is the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or significant sources of stress. It means to bounce back from difficult experiences

Question 8

What is resilience NOT?

Answer 8

It is not a trait that people either have or don’t have. It exists on a continuum and it involves behaviours, thoughts, and actions that can be learned and developed in anyone*

Question 9

What are factors associated with resilience to trauma?

Answer 9

• Male gender
• Older age
• Availability of social support
• Level of education

Question 10

What is post-traumatic growth?

Answer 10

It is the positive psychological change on the part of the client following a traumatic event. There are positive changes in self-perception, interpersonal relationships, and life philosophy