HOA3 Flashcards
(30 cards)
BUIILDING MATERIALS OF SRI LANKA
Graphite, limestone, laterite and sand stone; clay
During this period the foundation were laid for political., social and artistic tradition, among the several sinhalese kings of this era noted for their great building works one stand out above the rest, kassapa i who left anuradhapura to create a unique city constructed on and around an immense rock- hill sigiriya.
The Anuradhapura Period (4th century bc to 10th a.d)
King purakrama baho “the great” (12th century) principally undertaken the building of this city. The outstanding architectural creation was a cetiya-ghara, the “wata-da- ge” (circular relic house), built in stone and bricks. The polonnaruwa example is exquisitely proportioned. A quality conspicuous is many of the building. The gateways, stairways and sculpture lions and beasts recall cambodia and java , two impressive architectural monuments are temples of lankatilleke and gadaladeniya, both sited on rocky eminence.
The Polonnaruwa Period ( 11th to 13th century).
This period saw the division of the country into several kingdoms, with the capital at kandy in an area initially undistributed by foreign interference. The portuguese and dutch introduced the late renaissance and baroque to the colonial styles, british brought a colonial georgian and later, the royal engineers, colonial classic to be seen in the official buildings and influencing the style of private construction
The Kandyan Period ( 15th-19th century)
( lion’s rock/, sinhalese) is a large and ancient rock fortress and palace ruin in the central matale district of sri lanka, surrounded by the remains of an extensive network of gardens, reservoirs and other structures.
Sigiriya
a dagoba originally conical and later rebuilt to inverted bell shaped with pillars which is typically ornate in capitals
Thuparama, Anuradhapura
the largest bricks structure in the world made with 93 million bricks.
Jetavanaramaya
a gigantic stupa, 300ft tall, and 905ft round. Popularly regarded as the greatest, and certainly the most popular among the buddhist, of the stupas at anuradhapura, ruwanveli seya, is the pride of the great emperor dutugamunu.
Ruvanvelisaya Dagoba
which means mango tree temple. It is a small structure with a nice story. According to the legend, the temple was built on the spot where king devanampiyatissa, while in the middle of hunting, was surprised by mahinda.
Ambasthala Dagoba Mihintale Hill
also known as the golden temple of dambulla is a world heritage site (1991) in sri lanka, situated in the central part of the country. It is the largest and best preserved cave temple complex in sri lanka.
Dambulla Complex Of Cave Monasteries
also known as vatadage, dage, thupagara and cetiyagara; a buddhist structure found in sri lanka. Although it may had some indian influence, it is a structure that is more or less unique to ancient sri lanka architecture. Vatadage were built around small stupas ;for their protection, which often enshrined a relic or were built on hallowed ground.
Watadage
is considered to be one of the best preserved examples of traditional sinhalese temple architecture. Built on a rock, the temple is reached by long series of rock cut steps.
Lankatilaka Temple
a huge temple during the reign of parakrambahu, the 17 m walls still stand, but the roof is gone, as is the head of the colossal buddha image that stands within, the walls are carved with friezes of polonnaruwa in its golden age.
Lankatilaka Gegide
in matale, is the historic location where the pali canon was first written down completely in text on olla (palm) leaves.
Aluvihara Hindu Temple
is very important place in sri lanka history since the hindagala temple is related to many ancient legends and amazing wall paintings. The vihara geye is totally built under a natural large rock
Hindagala Temple
the sacred tooth relic in kandy is the most venerated place worship for buddhist throughout the world. Built in 16th century, this temple houses the sacred tooth relic of buddha brought to sri lanka from kalinga province in ancient india in the 4th century ad.
Dalada Maligawa Temple
BUILDING MATERIALS OF CHINA
Copper zinc, antimony. Tungsten, manganese and mercury
open courts and porticoes with kitchens, refectories, and sleeping cells for the priests. The normal type consists of three lofty pavilions of one storey, with parallel open timber roofs approached by broad flights of steps, gateways and bridges.
Temples-consists of successive
imperial palaces and official residences were erected as isolated, one- storey pavilions resembling temples in general design and crowned with the typical roof and not imposing.
Palaces
most famous of ancient chinese building undertakings. Constructed by shi-huang-di first sovereign ruler of qun. It stretches over-one-twentieth of the earth’s circumference, from the pacific ocean to the gobi desert.
Great Wall Of China
the tomb of qin shihuangi near xian, took 36 years to build. The ch’in dynasty’s subterranean vault, discovered in 1974, houses a life-size army of 6,000 to 8,000 terra-cotta soldiers, arches, houses, and chariots.
Xian Tomb
BUILDING MATERIALS OF JAPAN
Bamboo, Stone, Granites, and porphyries
square plan, mostly five-storeyed and about 45 meters (150 feet) in height. In construction they are virtually suspended around a central timber, thus providing a measure of stability againts earthquake shocks. to each storey and the subtle curvature.
Pagodas
“a response to nature” the japanese love of nature is the single force that influences life in japan. The japanese respect nature, and to respect nature is to live nature’s way.
Traditional Japanese House
