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Anatomy > HNS > Flashcards

HNS Flashcards

1
Q

Temporalis origin and insertion

A

origin: temporal fossa
insertion: coronoid process of mandible

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2
Q

Temporalis action

A

elevates and retracts the mandible

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3
Q

Masseter origin and insertion

A

origin: zygomatic arch
insertion: lateral surface of the ramus

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4
Q

Masseter action

A

closes the mouth

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5
Q

Medial pterygoid origin and insertion

A

Origin: sphenoid bone and lateral pterygoid plate
insertion: angle of mandible

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6
Q

Medial pterygoid action

A

elevate the mandible

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7
Q

lateral pterygoid origin and insertion

A

origin: lateral pterygoid plate and maxilla and palate
insertion: neck of mandible

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8
Q

lateral pterygoid action

A

depresses and protracts the mouth

side to side movement in isolation when grinding

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9
Q

what does the temporal branch of the facial nerve innervate

A

occipitofrontalis, obicularis oculi, corrugator supercilli

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10
Q

What does the buccal branch of the facial nerve innervate

A

obicularis oris, buccinator, zygomaticus

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11
Q

What does the mandibular branch of the facial nerve innervate

A

depressor anguli oris, depressor labii inferioris, mentalis

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12
Q

what does the cervical branch of the facial nerve innervate

A

platysma

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13
Q

what 3 structures does the pharynx contain

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

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14
Q

innervation of the pharynx

A

motor and sensory innervation is by the pharyngeal plexus (formed from fusion of CN 9 and 10)

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15
Q

at what level does the pharynx end

A

C6, inferior border of cricoid cartilage

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16
Q

describe welders ring

A

adenoid/pharyngeal tonsil at top of mouth, tubal tonsil, palatine tonsils on sides, lingual tonsils on base of mouth

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17
Q

what are the choanae separated by

A

the posterior end of the nasal septum

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18
Q

what are the two arches in the mouth,

A

most anterior: palatoglossal arch

posterior: palatopharyngeal arch

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19
Q

which muscle elevates the uvula

A

levator veli palatini

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20
Q

which muscle elevates the soft palate

A

tensor veli palatini

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21
Q

what are the extrinsic muscles of the pharynx and their innervations

A

superior, middle and inferior constrictors
stylopharyngeus
sensory: CN 9, 10 (pharyngeal plexus)
motor: vagus nerve, except stylopharyngeus - glossopharyngeal nerve

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22
Q

what are the 3 glands of the lower face, what type are their secretions and which nerves run through them

A

Parotid: glossopharyngeal, mainly serous
Sublingual: facial, mainly mucous
Submandibular: facial, mainly serous

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23
Q

what are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A

top: superior longitudinal
vertical
transverse
inferior longitudinal

24
Q

what are all of the tongue extrinsic muscles innervated by

A

hyperglossal nerve

25
Q

origin and insertion of genioglossus

A

origin: mental spine of mandible
insertion: dorsal of tongue and body of hyoid bone ( fan shape)

26
Q

action of genioglossus

A

compacts the tongue, profusion of tongue

27
Q

hypoglossus origin and insertion

A

origin: hyoid bone and greater horn of hyoid bone
insertion: inferolateral part of tongue

28
Q

action of hyoglossus

A

flattens tongue, pulls it backwards

29
Q

styloglossus origin and insertion

A

origin: distal styloid process and stylohyoid ligament
insertion: posterior sides of the tongue

30
Q

action of styloglossus

A

Elevates & retracts tongue

31
Q

palatoglossus innervation

A

CN 10

32
Q

palatoglossus origin and insertion

A

origin: Palatine aponeurosis of soft palate
insertion: Posterolateral aspect of tongue

33
Q

action of palatoglossus

A

Elevating posterior tongue

Depressing soft palate

34
Q

Geniohyoid origin and insertion

A

origin: inferior mental spine
insertion: hyoid bone

35
Q

Geniohyoid action

A

elevates and draws hyoid anteriorly

widens pharynx

36
Q

innervation of tongue

A

Anterior 2/3
Trigeminal: touch
Facial: taste

Posterior 1/3
Glossopharyngeal

37
Q

Which anatomical landmark marks the boundary between the oropharynx and laryngopharynx?

A

epiglottis

38
Q

what are the 2 processes of cretinoid cartilage

A

lateral: muscular process
medial: vocal process

39
Q

what are the two parts of the cricothyriod muscle

A

straight and oblique part (oblique is most lateral)

40
Q

innervation of criocthyroid muscle

A

superior laryngeal branch of CN 10 (vagus)

41
Q

action of cricothyroid muscle

A

pulls cricoid muscle upwards

42
Q

which vertebrae does the thyroid gland span

A

C5-T1

43
Q

artery which goes from brachiocephalic trunk to isthmus of thyroid

A

thyroid ima artery

44
Q

which nerves can be seen running to and from cricoid muscle from posterior view of larynx

A

superior and inferior laryngeal nerves

45
Q

what are the ligaments from the transverse process of one vertebra to the transverse process of another called

A

Intertransverse ligaments

46
Q

ligaments of the antlo-occipital joint

A 
cruciform ligament (x shaped)
alar ligement come out upwardly and diagnally behind on either side
47
Q

what is the notch of the thyroid cartilage called

A

superior thyroid notch

48
Q

what is the prominence of the thyroid cartilage called

A

laryngeal porminence

49
Q

what is the top surface of the coccygeal vertebrae called

A

sacral promontory

50
Q

what are the 2 prominences on either side of the sacral hiatus called

A

sacral cornua (further does there is coccygeal cornua too)

51
Q

what is the space between the true vocal cords called

A

rima glottidis

52
Q

what is the function of the posterior cricoaretynoid muscles

A

abduct the vocal cords

53
Q

what is the function of the lateral cricoaretynoid muscles and the transverse/oblique cretinoid muscle

A

adduct the vocal cords

54
Q

what innervates the intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A 
vagus nerve (recurrent laryngeal nerve) 
except cricothyroid which is innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve
55
Q

what does the recurrent laryngeal nerve pass over

A

left: aortic arch
right: subclavian artery

56
Q

which nerve passes in front of the ear

A

auriculotemporal

Anatomy (2 decks)

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