Hnit 1 Test Flashcards
Affordable Healthcare Act (ACA)
Health care reform enacted in March 2010
CDC (Centers for disease control)
Federal agency devoted to protecting public health in the United States.
Coinsurance
The spreading of risk between the insured and the insurer - the part (or %) of medical costs you pay once you have met your deductible.
Copay
The amount that is required by a patient to pay for a covered medical or health service - fixed amount paid directly to the doctor, hospital, or other provider for medical services when you receive them.
Deductible
The amount of money that is paid out-of-pocket by the insured before insurance pays any expenses
Disparity
An unequal or unfair difference in access to health care among parties.
Economic mobility
The ability of one to improve their economic status.
Environmental Health
B ranch of public health that studies the relationship between one’s surroundings and their health or wellness
Equity
The ability to receive equal access to health care.
Insurance
Coverage by contract whereby one party undertakes to guarantee another against loss by a specified contingency or peril
Life expectancy
Average lifespan of individual
Premium
The amount of money paid to receive and maintain insurance. A monthly bill.
Public Health
The science of studying and protecting community health.
Health
A state of mental, physical, and social well-being
Medicare
For those 65 years and older, provided by health and human services… federal
Medicaid
For low income families or families with high medical expenses, provided by health and human services… state and federal program, eligibility varies by state. DEPENDS on income.
The more people part of group insurance….
The lower the premium
Private insurance is provided through an
employer
You may be eligible for this type of low-cost/free insurance depending on your income
Government Insurance (Medicaid)
Open Enrollment
Time period where you can change your health insurance plan
Insurance Exchange
The website where you can identify your insurance needs and enroll in a health insurance plan - required in every state by Affordable Care Act
You can get this type of insurance from the insurance exchange
Private AND Government Insurance (Medicaid)
Prescription Insurance
Helps to cover the cost of brand name and generic medication; it is included with some insurance plans
Deductible
How much money you pay out of pocket before insurance kicks in to pay their part: if this is higher, your monthly bill is usually lower.
The abbrevation for this is often “RX” on insurance cards
prescription
Life-changing event
A marriage, baby, or employment change that allows you to change coverage outside of open enrollment.
an in-network provider means that
they are under contract with your insurance plan
The health care system in the united states is…
A combination of public and private insurance options
Enacting and/pr changing health care policy requires
all three branches of government
Public health is the
science of protecting and improving the health of people and their communities
Examples of out-of-pocket copays
Cost for routine services once your deductible has been paid: Urgent care, E.R, office visits, prescription drugs. Going for a checkup of vaccinations does not include copay.)
Confidentiality
Confidentiality in healthcare is the legal and ethical obligation to keep a patient’s personal information private. It’s a fundamental part of the trust between a patient and their doctor.
Herd immunity threshold
Goal identified for getting a certain percentage of the population vaccinated to protect the entire population.
Historical Inequalities in Healthcare system
The history of healthcare and the discrimination that has been weaved into previous health policies ultimately contributed to forming minority groups who couldn’t afford healthcare. For example, during the rise of employer-based insurance (which is the main type of insurance coverage) many states created federal laws with discriminatory law and qualifications for health coverage. EX: Many people of color/lower income didn’t have/were denied these jobs, making healthcare inaccessible to them. In addition, southern, former confederate states were given the power of controlling how healthcare was funded and would deny care/the opportunity to blacks to learn the practice.
Current Inequalities in Healthcare system
More recently, 2010, several states refused to participate in the Affordable Care Act expansion, making it harder for many people of color and low income families - which the expansion was targeted to help - not eligible for government insurance and placing specific work requirements. Many uninsured people cite the high cost of insurance as the main reason they lack coverage - they are uninsured because the cost of coverage was too high. Many uninsured people do not have access to coverage through a job, and some people, particularly poor adults in states that have not expanded Medicaid, remain ineligible for financial assistance for coverage. Especially in rural areas, low-income families who do qualify for medicaid may not be aware of these coverage options or may face barriers to enrolling. In some cases, even with subsidies, Marketplace coverage may not be affordable.
The warning of a drug label
Has safety information, including side effects, questions you should ask the doctor before taking, which medicines to avoid taking at same time.
Public Health Problems
Opioid addiction - more addiction centers are being put in place .
Vaping among teens - schools becoming more strict, restricting vaping products, more education on it, and increasing legal age to 21.
Mental health and gun violence among teens - schools reducing stigma, incorporating more lessons and programs about it.
Obesity - promotion of a healthy lifestyle, nutritional labeling on food products, educating the public, and healthier school nutrition programs.
Inflation Reduction Act
Provided for negotiation of drug prices for Medicare patients
Increased financial help for ACA Marketplace & private health insurance
Provided subsidies for those who were low-income but not poverty level
Why some people choose not to get healthcare…
Increasing healthcare costs including premiums, other debts to pay first, and relatively good health, or employer doesn’t provide insurance and is no longer covered by parents…Inability to pay, unwillingness, and employers don’t provide benefits.
Affordable Care Act 2010
Enacted by the U.S. Governments to enroll more citizens in health insurance plans.benefits everybody, health insurance companies can’t deny you coverage because you have preexisting conditions (allowed during obama care - originally charged fines). Also allows coverage until age of 26 (before was 18). Created health care insurance marketplaces; online “shops” where applicants can compare different health insurance plans and purchase coverage. Implementation of marketplaces are left to individual state governments and differ from state to state. Created the state-run marketplaces to provide an affordable way for all Americans (with some exceptions) to afford purchasing health care.
