HME101

Question 0

What are the 5 D’s?

Answer 0

Data
Determinants
Delivery
Discovery
Diagnosis

Question 1

Define burden of disease.

Answer 1

A summary measure of health that combines the burden of premature death with the burden of years lived with disability

Question 2

Name some environmental interventions

Answer 2

• Policy
• Health system strengthening
• Setting norms and standards
• Dissemination interventions

Question 3

Name some behavioural interventions

Answer 3

Community support groups : diabetes support groups, peer education
Setting based initiatives : church based, school based, healthy together Victoria

Question 4

Name some clinical interventions

Answer 4

The 5 A’s
Brief advice : smoking and Quitline, lifestyle prescriptions
Vaccinations

Question 5

What are the 5 A’s?

Answer 5

Ask
Advice
Assess
Assist
Arrange

Question 6

Define morbidity.

Answer 6

The rate of sickness in a population and the disease state of an individual

Question 7

Define mortality.

Answer 7

Death

Question 8

Define life expectancy.

Answer 8

How long we live from birth.

Question 9

What is the best way to increase life expectancy in a population?

Answer 9

Treating children makes the biggest difference. Stopping one child from dying in their first year buys 81 years of improvement.

Question 10

What are the top 2 killers in Australia?

Answer 10

Cancer & CVD

Question 11

What are the 3 key infectious diseases?

Answer 11

Diarrhoea, malaria, pneumonia

Question 12

How many deaths worldwide are attributed to NCD risk factors;
Tobacco use
Insufficient activity
Harmful alcohol
Diet

Answer 12

Tobacco - 6 million
Insufficient activity - 3.2 million
Harmful alcohol - 2.3 million
Diet - can’t determine

Question 13

What percentage of the global burden of disease is lifestyle and behaviour linked?

Answer 13

25%

And this is increasing!

Question 14

How have the DALYs differed over the years?

Answer 14

Reduced in younger populations. Greater burden of disease in older populations. We are living longer and living with disease which would have killed us back in the day

Question 15

Why do men between 15-60 have a much higher risk of dying regardless of region?

Answer 15

Prescribed gender norms
Higher risk takers
Higher rates of violence, HD, mental health, suicide, MVA

Question 16

How will DALYs change over time?

Answer 16

Burden of disease in the older population will increase and burden in younger populations will decrease

Question 17

What is Australia’s number one cause of morbidity?

Answer 17

Cancer

Question 18

Define epidemiology

Answer 18

The study of distribution of diseases and determinants of disease in populations

Question 19

Define symptomatology

Answer 19

The study of symptoms of disease or the study of symptoms of a disease, collectively

Question 20

Define the burden of disease

Answer 20

The sum of the DALYs acro cc a population provides the burden of disease, collectively

Question 21

Define YLL

Answer 21

Years life lost, accounts for the impact of mortality, often indicated that chronic diseases are less important factors in premature mortality.
Diseases that affect younger people have greater YLL