HMB204 TEST 1

Question 1

Properties of stem cells

Answer 1

• self-renewal
• differentiation

Question 2

Symmetric self- renewal

Answer 2

2 identical undifferentiated daughter stem cells

Question 3

Asymmetric self-renewal

Answer 3

1 undifferentiated cell
1 committed cell

Question 4

Depletion

Answer 4

result in two committed daughter cell

Question 5

Self-renewal

Answer 5

the ability to generate more stem cells through cell division

Question 6

How are stem cells categorized?

Answer 6

• Developmental potency
• Tissue of origin

Question 7

Totipotent

Answer 7

– can produce an entire viable organism,including extra-embryonic cells e.g. fertilized egg

Question 8

Pluripotent

Answer 8

– can produce derivatives from each
primary embryonic lineage (i.e. germ layer), under certain conditions e.g. blastocyst

Question 9

Multipotent

Answer 9

– can produce multiple cell types within a single germ layer with a tissue-specific function e.g. hematopoiec SCs

Question 10

Unipotent

Answer 10

– can produce only a single cell type e.g. blood cells

Question 11

Potency

Answer 11

– the varying ability of cells to differentiate into specialized cell types

Question 12

Extra-embryonic cells

Answer 12

– cells that form the tissues that assist in embryo development

Question 13

“Progenitor”

Answer 13

– an undifferentiated cell with a limited ability to self-renew

Question 14

Till & McCulloch’s “stem cell theory”

Answer 14

• Demonstrated that multipotent stem cells exist in mouse bone marrow
• Follow-up study presenting a “stem cell theory” was published in Nature

Question 15

Developmental Hourglass Theory

Answer 15

Post-gastrulation embryos from different animals look similar
- Primitive animals use similar developmental mechanisms to create their body plans

Question 16

Niche” –

Answer 16

a specific sub-tissue location that physically and chemically supports stem cells in the body