HLTH 101 Exam

Question 1

Define “Social Determinants of Health.”

Answer 1

The places where you live, go to school, work, or hang out can impact how healthy you are. For example:

If your home is safe and clean, you’re more likely to stay healthy.

Question 2

Define “Harm Reduction.”

Answer 2

Policies and programs that help reduce the bad effects of drug use focus on keeping people safe. For example:

Providing clean needles to prevent diseases like HIV.
Offering places where people can safely use drugs under supervision to avoid overdoses.
Giving out medicine like naloxone to reverse overdoses.

Question 3

Define “Intersectionality.”

Answer 3

This idea explains how different parts of who you are—like your race, gender, or income—combine to shape your life experiences. For example:

A woman may face challenges at work because of her gender.
If she’s also from a low-income background, she might have even more obstacles.

Question 4

Define “Neoliberalism.”

Answer 4

Neoliberalism is about letting businesses and markets make most decisions with little government control.

Example: Public health programs like hospitals or social services may get less funding because the focus is on profit-making.

Question 5

Name three harm reduction strategies for addiction.

Answer 5

Needle exchange programs, supervised consumption sites (afe places where people can use drugs under the watch of medical staff to prevent overdoses and keep them safe), naloxone distribution.

Question 6

What are the health impacts of climate change?

Answer 6

Heat-related illnesses, like heatstroke or dehydration, happen when the body gets too hot. They can become very serious, especially during heat waves. These problems include:

Cardiovascular diseases: Heart problems that worsen in extreme heat.
Respiratory diseases: Breathing problems that are triggered by hot, dry air.

Question 7

Name two solutions for addressing food insecurity. (food shortages)

Answer 7

Food assistance programs and community food programs.

Question 8

What is a key focus of “Housing First” initiatives?
A. Criminalizing homelessness
B. Providing stable housing as the primary intervention
C. Increasing barriers to affordable housing
D. Reducing renewable energy reliance

Answer 8

B. Providing stable housing as the primary intervention

Question 9

Intersectionality helps explain:
A. How multiple identities influence health disparities
B. Why addiction is considered a health determinant
C. The benefits of renewable energy
D. The impact of education campaigns on housing issues

Answer 9

A. How multiple identities influence health disparities

Question 10

What human activity contributes to climate change?
A. Reforestation
B. Greenhouse gas emissions
C. Sustainable farming practices
D. Wind energy development

Answer 10

B. Greenhouse gas emissions

Question 11

What is an example of a structural reform to address housing insecurity?
A. Providing grocery vouchers
B. Implementing rent control policies
C. Launching educational campaigns
D. Increasing policing in urban areas

Answer 11

B. Implementing rent control policies

Question 12

How does food insecurity primarily impact health?
A. Causes overcrowding in shelters
B. Leads to malnutrition and poor mental health
C. Increases reliance on renewable energy
D. Reduces access to transportation

Answer 12

B. Leads to malnutrition and poor mental health

Question 13

Which is a harm reduction strategy for addiction?
A. Banning all drug use
B. Increasing incarceration rates
C. Needle exchange programs
D. Subsidizing private insurance

Answer 13

C. Needle exchange programs

Question 14

Which group is particularly vulnerable to health disparities due to stigma and discrimination?
A. Young children
B. LGBTQIA+ populations
C. Elderly individuals
D. People in urban areas

Answer 14

B. LGBTQIA+ populations

Question 15

What is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
A. Housing insecurity
B. Food insecurity
C. Addiction
D. Economic stability

Answer 15

C. Addiction

Question 16

What are some barriers to accessing healthcare for marginalized (people of colour) populations?

Answer 16

Transportation challenges, cost of care, discrimination, and lack of insurance.

Question 17

How does housing insecurity affect health?

Answer 17

Poor sanitation, overcrowding, financial instability, and increased vulnerability to addiction.

Question 18

What is the connection between colonization and health disparities in Indigenous communities?

Answer 18

Systemic inequalities, disrupted traditional lifestyles, and limited access to resources.

Question 19

What is “trauma-informed care” in addiction treatment?

Answer 19

This approach looks at how past traumatic experiences affect a person’s life and uses this understanding to help them heal and recover.

Question 20

Name one example of a public health emergency related to addiction.

Answer 20

The opioid crisis, including the rise of fentanyl use.

Question 21

What policy solution can mitigate the effects of the affordable housing crisis?

Answer 21

Rent control rules help keep housing affordable by preventing landlords from suddenly raising rent too much.

Question 22

What is the role of “education and awareness” in addressing SDOH?

Answer 22

Community campaigns help stop judgment, raise awareness, and teach people about health challenges and inequalities

Question 23

Why are children particularly vulnerable to food and housing insecurity?

Answer 23

Their body and mind grow better when they have stable and enough resources.

Question 24

How does judgment or negative attitudes affect people trying to get help for addiction?

Answer 24

Fear of being judged or treated unfairly can stop people from getting help.

Question 25

According to This changes everything, which of the following is highlighted as a critical barrier to effective climate action
a. the growing awareness of climate change among the public
b. The political and economic power of fossil fuels industries and their influence on policy
c. the success of renewable energy technologies
d. the global reduction in carbon emissions over the last decade

Answer 25

b. The political and economic power of fossil fuels industries and their influence on policy

Question 26

Which of the following would be an example of improving “adaptive capacity” in response to climate change?
a. Relocating industrial sites away from residential areas
b. Expanding public healthcare coverage for all citizens
c. installing air conditioning units in public buildings during heat waves
d. Limiting the use of public transportation to reduce air polition

Answer 26

c. installing air conditioning units in public buildings during heat waves

Question 27

Which of the following groups is most likely to experience severe health impacts from climate change in Toronto
a. High-income individuals with airconditioning
b. People living in neighbourhoods with poor infrastructure
c. Residents in suburban areas have fewer severe weather events
d. Those without chronic health conditions like asthma or any disease

Answer 27

b. People living in neighbourhoods with poor infrastructure

Question 28

Which principle is considered essential to make carbon pricing fair?
a. Ensure carbon pricing is low enough to avoid impacting industries
b. increase trade protections for renewable energy products
c. provide direct support to lower-income families to offset costs
d. Reduce agriculture’s reliance on modern technology

Answer 28

c. provide direct support to lower-income families to offset costs

Question 29

What role does intersectionality play in healthcare for LGBTQIA + individuals?
a. It creates additional challenges for accessing care
b. it has no significant impact on healthcare experiences
c. it only affects transgender individuals
d. it simplifies healthcare needs for all patients

Answer 29

a. It creates additional challenges for accessing care

Question 30

What key point is discussed by Koivu & Piggott (2018) regarding opioid use in marginalized (people of colour) populations?

Answer 30

The health of people who use opioids is affected by unfair systems, judgment, and difficulty accessing healthcare.

Question 31

What perspective on addiction does Gabor Maté present in the introduction of In the Realm of Hungry Ghosts?

Answer 31

Addiction is a response to pain and trauma, emphasizing the need for compassion in addressing the root causes of substance use.

Question 32

What argument does Gordon (2023) make about decriminalizing hard drugs in B.C.?

Answer 32

Decriminalization lowers judgment, making it easier for people to get care and access support for substance use.

Question 33

What does the CBC video about Rabbit reveal about homelessness and addiction?

Answer 33

It shows the challenges homeless youth face with substance use and the need for help and support.

Question 34

According to Johann Hari’s TED Talk, what is the key misconception about addiction?

Answer 34

Addiction is more about feeling lonely and lacking support than just the effects of drugs. Building strong relationships can help people recover.

Question 35

What additional insights are provided by the CBC Docs video on Rabbit’s story?

Answer 35

It looks at the difficulty of staying sober when facing problems like unstable housing, lack of mental health care, and the impact of the opioid crisis.

Question 36

According to Raphael (2016), how do food security and housing impact early childhood development?

Answer 36

Unstable housing and lack of food harm both physical and mental health, leading to long-term health challenges.

Question 37

What does Meili (2018) identify as a solution to housing instability in Canada?

Answer 37

Meili supports making affordable housing a key part of creating a healthier and fairer society.

Question 38

What did the Ontario study (La Grassa, 2023) reveal about the link between food insecurity and youth mental health?

Answer 38

Youth who lack enough food are more likely to need mental health and substance use support, showing the need to meet basic needs for better mental health.

Question 39

What do Caxaj and Weiler (2022) say about housing for migrant farm workers?

Answer 39

Bad living conditions for migrant farm workers increase health risks and can lead to preventable deaths, showing the impact of neglect in systems.

Question 40

How is Canada’s housing crisis linked to hunger, according to Spring and Tang (2022)?

Answer 40

High housing costs force families to choose between paying rent and buying food, leading to food insecurity and related health problems.

Question 41

What perspective on food security is presented in Diana Cuy Castellanos’ TEDx Talk?

Answer 41

Food security should focus on health by considering good nutrition and access to healthy food as key to well-being.

Question 42

What challenges are highlighted in the video #MyHungerGames: On homelessness and mental illness?

Answer 42

The video shows how homelessness and mental illness are connected and highlights the need for combined support services.

Question 43

According to Armstrong (2016), how does public policy intersect with gender and health?

Answer 43

Public policies often ignore the unique challenges faced by different genders, leading to health gaps, especially for women and marginalized groups.

Question 44

What do Scott-Samuel, Stanistreet, and Crawshaw (2009) identify as a link between hegemonic masculinity and health inequalities?

Answer 44

Traditional ideas of masculinity promote harmful behaviours like taking risks and hiding emotions, leading to violence and health inequalities.

Question 45

What does Smith (2023) argue about Canada’s healthcare crisis and gender?

Answer 45

Women often bear the main responsibility of caregiving, which worsens gender inequalities in health and financial stability.

Question 46

What mental health impacts does Puckett (2023) highlight in relation to anti-trans bills?

Answer 46

Laws against trans rights and negative political environments harm the mental health of trans and nonbinary people, causing more stress and anxiety.

Question 47

What does Cameron Leakey discuss about healthcare for LGBTQIA+ patients in his TEDx Talk?

Answer 47

Leakey highlights the importance of inclusive healthcare that fights discrimination and makes it easier for LGBTQIA+ patients to get the care they need.

Question 48

What does Colene Arnold argue about gender bias in healthcare?

Answer 48

Gender bias makes it harder to believe and properly treat female patients, leading to misdiagnosis and poor care.

Question 49

What does Meili (2018) identify as the relationship between climate change and Canadian democracy?

Answer 49

Climate change shows the importance of policies that focus on health and fairness, demonstrating how solving environmental problems can strengthen democracy.

Question 50

How does Kumar (2018) link cities, climate change, and health equity?

Answer 50

Cities are especially vulnerable to climate change, like heat islands, which hit marginalized groups the hardest and make health inequalities worse..

Question 51

According to Naumova (2018), what are three health dangers of rising temperatures?

Answer 51

Rising temperatures lead to more heat-related illnesses, worse air quality, and the spread of diseases carried by insects.

Question 52

What perspective on climate change is presented in This Changes Everything (2015)?

Answer 52

The film says that solving climate change needs big changes to capitalism and focuses on the importance of community-based solutions.

Question 53

What does Caruso (2021) propose in the Public Health–Quarantine Model of criminal justice?

Answer 53

Criminal behavior should be treated as a public health problem by addressing factors like poverty and housing to prevent crime, instead of just punishing people.

Question 54

According to Woodall et al. (2014), how can health promotion in prisons be improved?

Answer 54

By creating a combined approach that addresses the social factors affecting health and supports overall well-being in the prison system.

Question 55

What are some social determinants of justice that increase the risk of imprisonment, according to McCausland and Baldry (2023)?

Answer 55

Factors include being poor, having unstable housing, facing racism, lacking education, and experiencing violence.

Question 56

What does Chrystal Dieleman discuss in her TEDx Talk on mental health and criminal justice?

Answer 56

She highlights the need for improved mental health care and policies that connect mental illness with the criminal justice system.

Question 57

What call to action does Marlon Peterson present in his TED Talk on criminal justice reform?

Answer 57

Peterson supports treating prisoners with respect and changing the justice system to focus on helping them recover instead of just punishing them.

Question 58

What issue does the Department of Justice Canada (2017) video address regarding Indigenous over-representation in the criminal justice system?

Answer 58

The factors causing over-representation include colonialism, discrimination, and income inequality, showing the need for solutions that respect cultural differences.

Question 59

According to Raphael (2016), what is the role of public policy in shaping the determinants of health?

Answer 59

Public policy is important for improving health by creating fair systems that make housing, education, and healthcare accessible to all.

Question 60

What does Raphael (2016) outline as key actions needed to improve health outcomes?

Answer 60

Policies should focus on lowering income gaps, improving social programs, and making healthcare and education available to everyone.

Question 61

What does The Canadian Facts (Raphael et al., 2020) identify as one of the primary barriers to addressing health inequities?

Answer 61

There is a lack of government action and public understanding about how social factors impact health.

Question 62

How does The Canadian Facts (Raphael et al., 2020) propose improving the social determinants of health in Canada?

Answer 62

By using fair taxes, putting more money into social programs, and creating policies to reduce unfair social gaps.