HIV Transmission, Control, Prevention

Question 1

How can HIV be transmitted?

Answer 1

1. Sexual contact: anal, oral, vaginal
2. Pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding: mother’s bodily fluids
3. Infection substance used: infected needles
4. Blood Transfusion: with infected blood or organ
5. Occupational Exposure: healthcare workers

Question 2

How is HIV controlled?

Answer 2

• Protease Inhibitors: blocks viral enzyme protease, resulting in viral copies that cannot infect new cells
• AZT (azidothymidine): inhibits reverse transcriptase
• Combination treatment

Question 3

How can HIV be prevented?

Answer 3

• Educational programs
• Screening and treatment of STIs
• Substance abuse screening
• Prevention programs for people at school that are at high risks of HIV infections