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Multisystems > HIV Therapy > Flashcards

HIV Therapy Flashcards

0
Q

Lopinavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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1
Q

Highly Active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) Protocol

A
  • AIDS defining illness
  • Low CD4 count <350
  • High viral load
  • Regimen consists of 3 drugs to prevent resistance
    1. 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, plus
    2. 1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitory, or
    3. 1 protease inhibitor, or
    4. 1 integrase inhibitor
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2
Q

Atazanavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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3
Q

Darunavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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4
Q

Fosamprenavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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5
Q

Saquinavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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6
Q

Ritonavir

A
  • Protease Inhibitor
  • MOA: prevents maturation of new virus
    1. HIV-1 protease (pol gene) cleaves mRNA polypeptide products into functional parts
  • Can boost other drug concentrations by inhibiting cytochrome P-450
  • Toxicity:
    1. Hyperglycemia
    2. GI intolerance (nausea, diarrhea)
    3. Lipodystrophy
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7
Q

Tenofovir (TDF)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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8
Q

Emtricitabine (FTC)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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9
Q

Abacavir (ABC)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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10
Q

Lamivudine (3TC)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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11
Q

Zidovudine (ZDV/AZT)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
    4. Megaloblastic anemia
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12
Q

Didanosine (ddI)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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13
Q

Stavudine (d4T)

A
  • Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)
  • MOA: competitively inhibit nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase & terminate DNA chain
    1. Must be phosphorylated by thymidine kinase to be active
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
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14
Q

Nevirapine

A
  • non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitory (NNRTI)
  • MOA: Binds reverse transcriptase at different site than NRTI
    1. Do NOT req phosphorylation to be active or compete
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
    4. Rash
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15
Q

Efavirenz

A
  • non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitory (NNRTI)
  • MOA: Binds reverse transcriptase at different site than NRTI
    1. Do NOT req phosphorylation to be active or compete
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
    4. Rash
16
Q

Delavirdine

A
  • non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitory (NNRTI)
  • MOA: Binds reverse transcriptase at different site than NRTI
    1. Do NOT req phosphorylation to be active or compete
  • Toxicity:
    1. Bone marrow suppression (reversed w/ G-CSF & Epo)
    2. Peripheral neuropathy
    3. Lactic acidosis
    4. Rash
17
Q

Raltegravir

A
  • Integrase inhibitor
  • MOA: Inhibits HIV genome integration into host cell chromosome by reversibly inhibiting HIV integrase
  • Toxicity: Hypercholesterolemia
18
Q

Fuzeon (T-20, Enfuvirtide)

A

blocks attachment of HIV at gp41 so targets HIV entry.
It is an injectable anti retroviral and is administered subcutaneous twice a day.
There is no oral formulation of this medication.

Multisystems (4 decks)

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