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Sexual health > HIV management > Flashcards

HIV management Flashcards

1
Q

What combination of drugs is usually used in antiretroviral therapy?

A
  • 2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (classically tenofovir disoproxil and emtricitabine)
  • An integrase inhibitor, OR
  • A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, OR
  • A boosted protease inhibitor
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2
Q

List some examples of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

A
  • Emtricitabine
  • Tenofovir disoproxil
  • Abacavir
  • Zidovudine (AZT)
  • Lamivudine
  • Didanosine
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3
Q

What is the main side effect of NRTIs?

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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4
Q

What are the main side effects of tenofovir disoproxil?

A
  • Renal impairment

- Osteoporosis

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5
Q

What are the main side effects of zidovudine?

A
  • Anaemia
  • Myopathy
  • Black nails
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6
Q

What are the main side effects of didanosine?

A

Pancreatitis

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7
Q

List some examples of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

A
  • Efavirenz
  • Nevirapine
  • Rilpivirine
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8
Q

What are the main side effects of NNRTIs?

A
  • P450 enzyme induction

- Rashes

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9
Q

List come examples of protease inhibitors.

A
  • Atazanavir
  • Darunavir
  • Indinavir
  • Ritonavir
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10
Q

What are the main side effects of protease inhibitors?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Hyperlipidaemia
  • Buffalo hump
  • Central obesity
  • P450 enzyme inhibition
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11
Q

What are the main side effects of indinavir?

A
  • Renal stones

- Hyperbilirubinaemia

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12
Q

List some examples of integrase inhibitors.

A
  • Raltegravir
  • Dolutegravir
  • Elvitegravir
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13
Q

Give an example of a CCR5 antagonist.

A

Maraviroc

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14
Q

Given an example of a fusion inhibitor.

A

Enfuvirtide

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15
Q

What are the general side effects of ART?

A
  • Hypersensitivity
  • Mood/behaviour/sleep changes
  • Hyperlipidaemia
  • Lipodystrophy
  • Renal impairment
  • Hepatic toxicity
  • Peripheral neuropathy
  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Pancreatitis
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16
Q

What drugs make up pre-exposure prophylaxis against HIV?

A

Emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil

  • to be taken daily prior to potential exposure to the virus
17
Q

What drugs make up post-exposure prophylaxis against HIV?

A

Emtricitabine + tenofovir disoproxil + raltegravir

18
Q

When must PEP be started, and how long should it be continued for?

A
  • Must start 72h following exposure

- Must be continued for 28 days

Sexual health (5 decks)

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