HIV in pregnancy

Question 1

transmission of HIV

Answer 1

contact with infected bodily fluid (sexual contact, needles or blood transfusion)

vertical transmission- mother to babdy

Question 2

prevention of HIV 6

Answer 2

ART

condom

oral pre-exposure prophylaxis

male circumcision

topical vaginal microbicides

HIV vaccine

Question 3

signs anf syx of HIV 4

Answer 3

most no syx for first few years

systemic illness w fever, malaise rash at time of seroconversion - 6-12 weeks afterinfection
-rarly recognised as HIV related

as immune system starts to deteriorate:
-oral candidiasis
-herpes zoster may occur

then oppurtunitic infections and HIV-related malignancies

Question 4

risk of transmission of mother to baby with HIV 2

Answer 4

highest risk during birth
-perinatal vertical transmission

prenatal transmssion is possible
-risk depends on maternal viral load

Question 5

how is transmssion of HIV from mother to baby reduced

Answer 5

ART reccommened thorughout therpay

-low risk of transmission if viral load <50 HIV RNA copies/ml

Question 6

what influences delivery in mothers with HIV

Answer 6

if viral road <50HIV RNA colies/ml at 36 weeks- planned vaginal delivery

viral load >50HIV RNA/ml at 36wks- C section at 38wks

Question 7

postnatal care of HIV positive neonates 2

Answer 7

HIV postexposure prophylaxis (zidovudine) for newborn

neonatal PEP v soon after birth (within 4 hours) than given for 4 weeks

Question 8

breastfeeding in HIV positive women

Answer 8

NO -risk of transmission 5-20%

Question 9

neonatal testing for HIV 4

Answer 9

molecular diagnostic for HIV infection at:
-during first 48HRs
-6 weeks
-12 weeks
-HIV ab testing at 18months