HIV in Inmates Flashcards
<p>
| What are 4 HIV related issues in correctional settings?</p>
<ol style="margin-left: 40px;"> <li> HIV Testing</li> <li> Medical Care</li> <li> HIV Prevention</li> <li> Transition Back Into Community</li> </ol>
<p>
| What are the policies regarding HIV testing in correctional facilities?</p>
<p>
| Depending on the setting and the state, may require testing upon entry, upon release, or both</p>
<p>
| What are Florida's requirements for HIV testing in correctional settings?</p>
<p>
If an inmate’s HIV status is unknown to the department, the Department of Corrections (DOC) shall <strong><em>perform an HIV test on the inmate not less than 60 days</em></strong> prior to the inmate’s presumptive release date from prison</p>
<p>
| What did the "Estelle vs. Gamble" case establish?</p>
<p>
The Supreme Court case “Estelle v. Gamble” established inmates’ constitutional right to healthcare that meets community standards</p>
<p>
| Often, the prison health service provides the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ for access to consistent health care</p>
<p>
| Often, the prison health service provides the <u>first opportunity</u> for access to consistent health care</p>
<p>
| The basic principle of HIV therapy in correctional settings are the................</p>
<p>
Basic principles of HIV therapy in correctional settings are the <u>same as outside of correctional settings</u>. </p>
Jails are operated by whom?
The City or County
Jails are for people who…?
have been convicted of violating state or local laws and are sentenced to one year or less
In addition to those convicted, who else do jails house?
Individuals who are awaiting trial or sentencing following trial
Prisons are operated by whom?
State or Federal
Prisons are for people who…?
have been convicted of a criminal or civil offense and sentenced to one year or more
State prisons house individuals who…
are convicted of violating state or local laws
Federal Prisons house individuals who are
convicted of violating Federal laws (laws of the U.S.)
some individuals awaiting trial for violating Federal laws
and
individuals convicted of a felony under the District of Columbia laws.
Parole refers to…
criminal offenders who are conditionally released from prison to serve the remaining portion of their sentence in the community
Probation refers to…
adult offenders whom courts place on supervision in the community through a probation agency, generally in lieu of incarceration
In 2011, how many offenders were under the supervision of the adult correctional systems?
6.98 million
Approximately how many adult residents were under some form of correctional supervision in 2011?
About 1 in every 34
Which 3 states have the highest inmate population?
Texas > California > Florida
What’s the total number of state and federal prison inmates in the US?
Approximately 1.5 million
1,598,780
In 2010, what percent of prisoners incarcerated under state jurisdiction were serving time for violent offenses?
53%
In 2011, what percent of state and federal inmates were male?
93%
In 2011, what percent of inmates in federal prison were serving time for drug offenses?
Nearly half (48%)
Which state prison systems provide condoms?
- Vermont
- Mississippi
- Philadelphia Prison System
At yearend of 2011, what percent of state and federal inmates were age 40 or older?
39%
Inmates are more likely to
More likely to be drug offenders, homeless or mentally ill
Lives are more likely to include drug & alcohol abuse, lack of education, a history of physical abuse, unemployment & participation in unsafe sex practices
Racial/Ethnic minorities have ______ rates of incarceration
higher
Approximately how many persons living with HIV pass through a correctional facility each year?
1 in 7 persons
Estimated overall rate of AIDS among prison inmates is more than how many times the rate in the U.S. general population?
2.5 times
How many state & how many federal prisoners were living with HIV in December 2008?
State- 20,449
Federal- 1,538
Is HIV infection different in numbers among the sexes?
More males than females
20,231 male
1,913 female
There is a ______ percentage of incarcerated females than incarcerated males
Higher
- 4% female
- 6 % male
What are the goals of ART?
Goals
- Reduce viral load as much as possible for as long as possible
- Restore or preserve the immune system
- Improve the patient’s quality of life
- Reduce sickness and death due to HIV
What are the 2 main methodologies for dispensing ART medications in correctional facilities?
- directly observed therapy (DOT)
- keep-on-person
Which state prison systems provide condoms?
- Vermont
- Mississippi
- Philadelphia Prison System
Which jail systems provide condoms?
larger metropolitan jails in
- New York City
- Los Angeles
- San Francisco
- Philadelphia
- Washington, DC
What were the states with the highest number of State Inmates with HIV or AIDS in 2008?
New York
Florida
Maryland
What are some HIV-Related issues in correctional settings?
HIV Testing
Medical Care
HIV Prevention
Transition Back Into Community
