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Test 2 NUR231 > HIV drugs and side effects > Flashcards

HIV drugs and side effects Flashcards

1
Q

Abacavir side effects

and Class

A

Hypersensitivity reaction

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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2
Q

Stavudine side effects

and Class

A

Peripheral neuropathy and lipodystrophy

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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3
Q

Lamivudine side effects

and Class

A

Minimal toxicity lactic acidosis

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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4
Q

Zidovudine side effects

and Class

A

BMS and GI intolerance

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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5
Q

Didanosine side effects

and Class

A

Pancreatitis and peripheral neuropathies

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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5
Q

Nevirapine side effects

And class

A

Rash and hepatitis

Non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor

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6
Q

Zalcitabine side effects

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

A

Peripheral neuropathies and stomatitis

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

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7
Q

Delavirdine Side Effects

And class

A

Rash and headache

Non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors

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8
Q

Ritonavir side effects

And class

A

GI intolerance and paresthesias

Protease Inhibitor

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9
Q

Indinavir side effects

And class

A

Nephrolithiasis, GI intolerance

Protease inhibitor

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10
Q

Efavirenz side effects

And class

A

Rash, CNS symptoms ( dizzy and confusion)

Non-nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors

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11
Q

Nelfinavir side effects

And class

A

Diarrhea and hyperlipidemia

Protease Inhibitor

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12
Q

Lopinavir Side Effects

And Class

A

GI intolerance, hyperlipidemia

Protease inhibitor

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13
Q

Enfuvirtide ( T-20) side effects

And Class

A

Pneumonia , hypersensitivity reaction

Fusion inhibitor

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14
Q

Hydroxyurea

Class

A

Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor

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15
Q

HIV transmission: Nurse role to patient

A

Teach patients how to eliminate or reduce risky behaviors.

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16
Q

How is HIV transmitted

A

in body fluids, that contain free virions and infected CD4+ Tcells. these fluids include blood, seminal fluid, vaginal secretions, amniotic fluid, and breast milk. Inflammation and breaks in the skin or mucosa result in the creased probability that an exposure to HIV will lead to infection

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17
Q

Mother to Child transmission in HIV

A

may occur in utero, at the time of delivery, or through breast-feeding, but most perinatal infections are thought to occur after exposure during delivery

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18
Q

Primary Infection

A

period from infection with HIV to the development of HIV-specific antibodies is known as

19
Q

Primary infection is characterized by:

A

high levels of viral replication, widespread dissemination of HIV throughout the body and destruction of CD4+Tcells.

20
Q

normal range of CD4+ T cell is

A

500 - 1500 cells/mm3

21
Q

The primary infection stage is part of CDC category A. What is the amount of CD4+ T cells in tissue

A

More than 500

22
Q

Category A S/S?

A

Patients feel well and have few if any symptoms. Apparent good health continues because CD4+ T cell levels remain high enough to preserve immune defensive responses.

23
Q

Category B CD4+ T cell count is:

A

200-499

24
Q

Category C CD4+ T cell count is

A

Fewer than 200

25
Q

Two laboratory techniques to determine the presence of antibodies to HIV

A

EIA ( Enzyme immunoassay formerly referred to as the ELISA and this test identifies antibodies directed specifically against HIV.
Western blot assay is used to confirm seropositivity when the EIA result is positive. Adults who blood contains antibodies for HIV are seropositive.

26
Q

What is usually the most important consideration in deciding whether antiretroviral medications should be started?

A

CD4 + T cell count

27
Q

The most common infection in people with AIDS is

A

Pneumocystis Pneumonia it is an opportunistic infection

28
Q

To treat PCP use

A

TMP-SMZ, highly effective in patients with moderate to mild PCP. Adjunctive corticosteroids should be started as early as possible. Recommended therapy for PCP is 21 days.

29
Q

Nursing Diagnosis for HIV

A
  • Impaired skin integrity r/t cutaneous manifestations f HIV infection, excoriation and diarrhea.
  • Diarrhea for r/t enteric pathogens or HIV infection
  • Risk for infection r/t immunodeficiency
  • Activity intolerance r/t weakness fatigue ect. ect.
  • ineffective airway clearance related to PCP
  • pain r/t
  • Imbalanced nutrition r/t
  • Social isolation r/t
  • Deficient knowledge r/t
  • Anticipatory grieving r/t
30
Q

Abacavir Interventions:

A

Hypersensitivity rxn: Assess eosinophil cout, RR, spo2, HR, itching, erythema, raised lesions

31
Q

Lamivudine Interventions:

A

Minimal toxicity and lactic acidosis: monitor fluid and lytes, patent airway, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

32
Q

Stavudine Interventions:

A

Lypodystrophy and peripheral neuropathy so : Assess risk for falls, thermal injuries and skin breakdown, measuring extremities, promoting exercise, education - changing medication and liposuction

33
Q

Zalcitabine Interventions:

A

Peripheral neuropathy and stomatitis: Assess risk for falls, thermal injuries, and skin breakdown, assess dehydration, infection and pain and nutritional impairment, encourage good oral hygiene.

34
Q

Zidovudine Interventions:

A

BMI and GI intolerance: Assess WBC, RBC, platelets, assess perianal area for excoriation and infection. Assess fluid and electrolyte balance, clean as necessary, assess for pain and n/v

35
Q

Didanosine Interventions:

A

Pancreatitis, and Peripheral neuropathy: Relieve pain, withhold oral feedings, bed rest, maintenance of gastric suction, place pt. in semi folwers position, spo2, abgs , assess skin breakdown, moniiotr fluid and electrolyte.assess risk for falls, thermal injuries and skin breakdown.

37
Q

Nevirapine Interventions:

A

Hepatitis, and RASH. Assess for itching ( puritis), temperature, palpate skin for texture, lymph nodes, assess mouth and ears, assess LFT’s ( PT, INR, bilirubin), jaundice, abdominal pain

38
Q

Delviradine Interventions:

A

RASH and headache: assess itching, temp, palpate skin for texture, lymph nodes, assess mouth and ears, pain management, comfort measures, elevated HOB, symptomatic treatment

39
Q

Efavirenz Interventions

A

RASH and CNS ( dizzy/confusion). assess itching, temp, palpate skin for texture, lymph nodes, assess mouth and ears, inspect skin for breakdown, avoid scratching, assess LOC, memory lapses, sensory deficits, headache.

40
Q

Ritonavir Interventions

A

GI intolerance, paresthesia: Assess perianal area for excoriation, and infection, assess fluid and lyte balance, clean as necessary, assess for pain, n/v, assess CMS, pain color, CRT, pulse, edema

41
Q

Indinavir Interventions

A

Nephrolithiasis, GI intolerance: Pain management, increased fluid intake, vitals, infection, assess perianal region for excoriation and infection, assess fluid and lytes, clean as necessary, assess for pain, n/v

42
Q

Nelfinavir Interventions:

A

Diarrhea, hyperlipidemia: Assess perianal region for excoriation, and infection, assess fluid and lyte balance, clean as necessary, assess for pain, N/V assess LDL , HDL , total cholesterol, triglycerides, education diet and exercise.

43
Q

Lopinavir Interventions

A

GI intolerance and hyperlipidemia. Assess perianal area for excoriation and infection, assess-fluid and lyte balance, cleas as necessary, assess for pain, n/v assess LDL , HDL , total cholesterol, triglycerides, education diet and exercise.

44
Q

Enfuvirtide Interventions

A

Pneumonia and hypersensitivity reaction: Encourage fluid intake, humidification, coughing and deep breathing exercises, percussion, postural drainage, rest ( semi-fowlers), RR, spo2, monitor fluids and lytes, adequate nutrtion, vitals signs. And Assess eosinophil cout, RR, spo2, HR, itching, erythema, raised lesions

45
Q

Hydroxyurea Interventions:

A

BMS, Renal toxicity, Liver toxicity: Assess BUN, creatinine, lytes, hydration, diuresis, allopurinol, frequent voiding.
Diruesis assess WBC, RBC, RBC, platelets
LFT ( PT, INR, albumin, and bilirubin)

Test 2 NUR231 (2 decks)

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