HIV (Classes 1-3) Flashcards
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is aka _____
AIDS
a _______ is a collection of medical conditions - not a single disease
syndrome
Human immunodeficiency virus is aka ___
HIV
an ___________ __________ is an infection that normally would not have an effect on you if the immune system is in good condition
opportunistic infection
T/F HIV brings down immune health creating opportunity for infections to come in
true
___________; an HIV+ person is taking medication to suppress their virus and it does such a good job that it cannot be detected in a blood test
undetectable
__________; the HIV+ person cannot transmit their HIV to anyone else
untransmittable
undetectable = ______________
undetectable = untransmittable
T/F even with proper medication, transmission rates go up
false, they go down
a CD4+ count helps measure the strength of a persons…
a) immune system
b) viral load
c) HIV
a) immune system
the more CD4+ cells a person has the _______ their immune system is
a) weaker
b) stronger
c) weirder
b) stronger
a _____ _____ test indicates how active HIV is in the patients body
viral load
the two tests that are used to monitor how the body is responding to HIV infection and treatment are ______ and ______ _______
CD4+ and viral load
T/F CD4+ counts increase as you age
false
T/F HIV is a very strong virus
false
HIV begins ______ almost immediately upon exposure to aire
dying
it takes ____seconds - ____ minutes for HIV to die
30seconds - 2 minutes
T/F transmission requires a transfer of bodily fluids containing HIV in sufficient concentration without much exposure to air
true
HIV cannot be absorbed through intact skin but it can be topically absorbed through ________ __________
mucous membranes
which of the following are considered mucous membranes?
a) vagina
b) anus
c) foreskin
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
T/F HIV cannot be transmitted through breastfeeding or blood transfusions
false
the risk of transmission of HIV in a massage setting is ______
ZERO!
T/F The yeast-like fungus causing PCP is already in you
true
T/F most people are exposed to the PCP organism by age 4
true
PCP is relatively rare in most people with normally immune systems but common in people with _______ immune systems
weakened
PCP can also develop in patients who are taking ________________ medications or those who have had a solid organ transplant
immunosuppressent
typically, PCP occurs when CD4+ counts drop below ____ (sometimes 50)
100
T/F there is no vaccine for PCP
true
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a tumor caused by a virus from the ______ family
herpes
T/F KS is truly a sarcoma
false
____ manifests as flat blotches or raised nodules
KS
the visible nature of KS has a lot of ___________ impact
psychological
T/F KS is more serious if it is internal
true
when the ________ system weakens, KS is more of a risk factor
immune
_________; a redistribution of body fat, usually associated with long-term medication use but possibly also a long-term side effect of AIDS
lipodystrophy
“dystrophy” is a combination of lipo _________ and lipo _______
atrophy, hypertrophy
T/F lipo atrophy and lipo dystrophy only happen one at a time
false, they can happen at the same time
common places for lipo- atrophy include ______, _______ and ______
face, arms and legs
common places for lipo-hypertrophy include the __________ and _____ (less commonly, the breasts)
abdomen and C7
hypertrophy occurs at a _____ level and cannot be removed by liposuction d/t risk to the internal organs
deep
hypertrophy at C7 is ________ and can be removed surgically although only done if neck function is significantly compromised
superfical
T/F there are many positional risks for a patient with lipo-atrophy
false
T/F work with the patient on which position might be the most comfortable if they have increased abdominal fat, as this is not a contraindication
true
T/F abdominal hypertrophy is bi-lateral
true
_________; refers to the process by which a debilitating disease causes muscle and fat tissue to “Waste” away
wasting
T/F someone with atrophy in the face may have facial implants, these implants slowly wear away over time
false
T/F in terms of techniques with someone who has lipo-atrophy you will not have to modify pressure on the arms in legs
true
T/F someone with lipo-atrophy may be heat intolerant
false
T/F hydro modalities need to be modified in cases of lipo-atrophy
false
wasting can be caused by an extremely low energy ______, nutrient loss due to infection
intake
wasting effects both _______ and ___
muscle and fat
T/F hydrotherapy modalities should be modified in cases of wasting
true
when treating a patient with wasting you should limit hydrotherapy to _____ temperatures and avoiding extremes
warm
Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) is a life-threatening _______ infection
bacterial
T/F MAC is usually in HIV-positive patients with a CD4+ count below 50
true
Antibiotic drugs are used to treat ___
MAC
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a viral infection that does not cause problems until CD4+ counts drop below __
50
CMV commonly affects the ____ but also the lungs, and colon
eyes
T/F CMV is treatable
true
peripheral neuropathy is normally caused by a _____ reaction
drug
peripheral neuropathy mainly affects the ____ and _____
legs and feet
peripheral neuropathies vary in their presentation and origin, and may affect the nerve or the _______________ junction
neuromuscular junction
sensory loss in peripheral neuropathy presents as feelings of ________ for the patient
numbness
T/F you should frequently ask the patient what they can feel while you are treating them if they have sensory loss
true
sensory gain may feel like ____ and _______
pins and needles
motor loss can include atrophy, _________, weakness and ________ ____
imbalances, altered gait
motor function gain includes _______ and _________
spasms and cramping
when viral load _______, CD4+ count __________
increases, CD4+ count decreases
a main reason patients stop taking their medications is _____ _____
drug fatigue
